longed to noble families. Among contemporary commanders he paid respect only to A-kuei, and worked under Fu-k'ang-an only after the latter gave him due recognition. Yet Fu-k'ang-an's military exploits are believed by many to have been due entirely to Hai-lan-ch'a. In the seven wars in which Hai-lan-ch'a participated he seldom met reverses and was always successful in the end. His portraits were hung in the hall of military heroes (Tzŭ-kuang ko, see under Chao-hui), owing to his share in four conquests, namely of Ili, of the Chin-ch'uan tribes, of the Gurkas, and of the Taiwan rebels. The only other official of the Ch‘ing period who won the same distinction was A-kuei who participated in the same wars.
[1/337/1a; 2/25/27a; 3/294/32a; 4/116/17b; 黑龍江志稿 Hei-lung-chiang chih kao (1933) 11/1b, 52/6a; Wei Yüan [q. v.], Shêng-wu chi.]
HAN Lin 韓霖 (T. 雨公, H. 寓菴), scholar and official, was a native of Chiang-chou, Shansi, and a sixth generation descendant of Han Chung 韓重 (T. 淳夫, H. 拙齋, chin-shih of 1478), who rose to be president of the Board of Works. In his youth Han Lin and his brother, Han Yün 韓雲 (T. 景伯, chü-jên of 1612), received instruction from a fellow-townsman, T'ao Chu 陶註 (T. 惟道, H. 東籬), whose ancestor six generations before him, T'ao Yen 陶琰 (T. 廷信, H. 逸庵, chin-shih of 1481, 1449–1532), was president of the Board of War. Han Lin became a senior licentiate in 1617 and a chü-jên in 1621 at approximately the age of twenty (sui). He soon obtained a position in Peking where he made the acquaintance of Hsü Kuang-ch'i [q. v.] with whom he studied military science. He also received instruction in the use of cannon (銃) from Alphonse Vagnoni 高一志 (T. 則聖, 1566–1640). He was baptized by Aleni (see under Ch'ü Shih-ssŭ) as Thomas, and his brother was baptized as Étienne. Before returning home Han Lin travelled extensively in the northern and central parts of China, including Chihli, Shantung, Kiangsu, Chekiang, and Kiangsi. He seems to have had a keen interest in collecting books and visited many booksellers wherever he went. After his return home, about the year 1630, he built a studio called Sa-ch'êng lou 卅乘樓 in which to store his collection. Tung Ch'i-ch'ang [q. v.] wrote an account of this studio, entitled 韓氏卅乘樓藏書記 Han-shih sa-ch'êng lou ts'ang-shu chi, which appears in several editions of the gazetteer of Chiang-chou. The edition of 1670 (4/72a) which lists the books in the local Confucian library (儒學), adds a note to the effect that Han Lin proposed to purchase for that library a set of the Thirteen Classics and of the Twenty-one Dynastic Histories, but that the turmoil accompanying the fall of the dynasty frustrated his plans.
At his native place Han Lin led many of his relatives into the Church. When Father Vagnoni went to Chiang-chou to preach the gospel Han Lin and his fellow-townsman, Tuan Kun 段袞 (T. 九章), were his zealous assistants. During a famine in Chiang-chou in 1633-41 Han Lin and his brother, Han Yün, were the first to make contributions for famine relief. In addition to five hundred taels silver, given by himself, Han Lin raised a subscription of another five hundred.
Han Lin edited and published two works by ancestors of the Han and T'ao families, namely, 誡子書 Chieh-tzŭ shu by T'ao Yen and 分家書 Fên-chia shu by Han Chung, which appeared under the collective title 二老清風 Êr-lao ch'ing-fêng. He wrote a book, entitled 鐸書 To-shu, completed in 1641, in which he expounded the Six Maxims of the first Ming Emperor with convincing proofs adduced, both from the Chinese classics and from the works of contemporary Jesuit fathers, such as the 七克 Ch'i-k'o (1614) by Pantoja (see under Li Chih-tsao), the 滌罪正規 Ti-tsui chêng-kuei by Aleni, the 哀矜行詮 Ai-chin hsing-ch'üan (1633) by Jacques Rho 羅雅谷 (T. 味韶, H. 1593–1638), and the 齊家西學 Ch'i-chia hsi-hsüeh, and 童幼教育 T'ung-yu chiao-yü (1620), both by Vagnoni. One treatise by Han Lin, entitled 慎守要錄, Shên-shou yao-lu, in 9 chüan, dealing with military science and containing references to western methods of building forts and using fire-arms, is preserved in the Hai-shan hsien-kuan ts'ung-shu (see under P'an Chên-ch'êng). Han Lin also wrote in collaboration with his friend, Chang Kêng 張賡 (T. 明臯, H. a native of Chin-chiang, Fukien, who was baptized in 1621 under the name Matthew), a work entitled 聖教信證 Shêng-chiao hsin-chêng ("Proofs of the Christian Religion"), which has a preface dated 1647 and was printed in Peking in 1668 and 1674. A work by Han Lin on military defense, entitled 守圉全書 Shou-yü ch'üan-shu, was placed on the list of banned books in the eighteenth century. Other works by him seem to be no longer extant.
According to the gazetteers of Chiang-chou,
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