second collection of seven items—some of which had already appeared in the earlier collection—was printed about 1792, under the title 杭氏七種 Hang-shih ch'i-chung. The two collections were combined by the above-mentioned Wang Tsêng-wei and were reprinted in 1895–96, under the same title, Tao-ku t'ang wai-chi.
A work by Hang Shih-chün which deserves special mention is the 三國志補注 San-kuo-chih pu-chu, 6 chüan, printed in the Tao-ku t'ang wai chi in 1788. It consists of additional notes and comments on the History of the Three Kingdoms. Since Hang's fellow-townsman and contemporary, Chao I-ch'ing [q. v.], had written a work on the same subject, entitled San-kuo-chih chu-pu (注補), 65 chüan, the question arose whether one had utilized the findings of the other. Hang's contribution was copied into the Imperial Library, Ssŭ-k'u ch'üan-shu (see under Chi Yün), and was printed several times, whereas Chao's remained in manuscript until late in the nineteenth century when it was printed by the Kuang-ya Shu-chü of Canton (see under Chang Chih-tung). The original manuscript, preserved in the Kuo-hsüeh Library, Nanking, was recently reproduced in facsimile by Chêng Tien-t'ing 鄭天挺 (T. 毅生) who, after comparing the two works, concluded that Hang had not seen Chao's manuscript, but that the latter had access to Hang's notes. The verdict seems to be that Hang began the work and then turned over his notes to Chao for completion—thus making the collaboration a friendly one. Chao's contribution surpasses that of Hang, however, both in quantity and in quality.
There are a number of legends concerning Hang Shih-chün's life in retirement; one account depicts him as a gambler, another features incidents of his life to show that he was a miser. Most accounts agree that he had a keen sense of humor. It is said that two lines of a poem which he had written when he was at Court were recited by Emperor Kao-tsung when that ruler made a tour of South China. A censor once memorialized that Hang's writings contained remarks derogatory to the reigning dynasty, but after examination the Emperor permitted them to circulate.
Hang Shih-chün was also a painter. His younger sister, Hang Ch'êng 杭澄 (T. 筠圃), was celebrated for her verse which appeared in several collections, one entitled 臥雪軒吟草 Wo-hsüeh hsüan yin-ts'ao.
Hang has been unjustly accused of disloyalty to his close friend, Ch'üan Tsu-wang, after the latter's death—one of the charges being that he had delayed unreasonably the publication of Ch'üan's collected prose works, the manuscripts of which were long in Hang's possession (see under Ch'üan Tsu-wang). The delay is excusable in view of the fact that the literary inquisition was then in full force and that it would have been dangerous to publish works like those of Ch'üan, containing as they did so many biographies of Ming loyalists who had died resisting the Manchus. Hang has also been criticized for having written an undated preface to Ch'üan's works, in which he made certain critical and disapproving remarks on his deceased friend. But close examination of the preface indicates no harsher criticism than one good friend would make of another who was talented but not always tactful. Possibly the offending preface was written shortly after Ch'üan had been dismissed (1737) from the Hanlin Academy for antagonizing a powerful minister. As Ch'üan was then editing his collected works it was natural that Hang should then write as he did. Furthermore, there is no evidence that the friendship that subsisted between the two men was ever broken. It is clear, on the other hand, that Hang preserved the manuscript of his friend with great care—a thing we should not expect if the relationship between them had been as Hsü Shih-tung 徐時棟 (T. 定宇, 同叔, H. 柳泉, 1814–1873), a writer of Ningpo, conjectured a century later.
[2/71/56b; 3/126/補錄; 20/2/00; 21/4/17a; 26/1/54b; 31/1/6b; supplement to the 1888 edition of the Tao-ku t'ang ch'üan-chi; Ch'üan Tsu-wang, Kung-chü chêng-shih lu, p. 41a; 海寧通志稿 Hai-ning t'ung-chih kao, 5/塘工1a, 33/寓賢9a; 愛日吟廬書畫續錄 Ai-jih-yin-lu shu-hua hsü-lu 5/25b; Hsü Shih-tung, 烟嶼樓文集 Yen-yü lou wên-chi 16/9b; Portrait, with Ch'üan Tsu-wang, in 青鶴 Ch'ing-ho, vol. IV, no. 7 (April 1, 1934); Chêng T'ien-t'ing, 杭世駿三國志補注與趙一清三國志注補 in 國學季刊 Kuo-hsüeh chi-k'an, vol. 5, no. 4 (1935); Chiang T'ien-shu, 蔣天樞, 全謝山先生年譜 Ch'üan Hsieh-shan hsien-shêng nien-p'u (1932); Ts'ai Tien-ch'i 蔡殿起, 國朝閨閣詩鈔 Kuo-ch'ao kuei-ko shih-ch'ao, ts'ê 4.]
HAO I-hsing 郝懿行 (T. 恂九, 尋韭, H. 尋皋), Aug. 20, 1757–1825, Mar. 25, scholar, was a native of Ch'i-hsia, Shantung. After the decease of his first wife, née Lin 林 (1758–1786),
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