ACANTHINE, any thing reſembling or belonging to the herb acanthus. Acanthine garments, among the ancients, are ſaid to be made of the down of thiſtles; other think they were garments embroidered in imitation of the acanthus.
ACANTHIUM, in botany, the trivial name of a ſpecies of onopordum. See Onopordum.
ACANTHOIDES, in botany, a ſynonime of the carlina, or carline-thiſtle. See Carlina.
ACANTHOPTERYGIOUS fiſhes, a term uſed by Linnæus and others for thoſe fiſhes whoſe back-fins are hard, oſſeous, and prickly.
ACANTHUS, bears-breach, or brank-urſine, in botany, a genus of plants belonging to the didynamia angioſpermia claſs. There are only five ſpecies of this plant, all of which are natives either of Italy or the Indies. For its figure, which is extremely beautiful, ſee plate I. fig. 3. The leaves of the acanthus are famous for having given riſe to the capital of the Corinthian order of architecture.
Acanthus is likewiſe uſed by Theophraſtus as a ſynonime of the acacia.
Acanthus, in architecture, an ornament repreſenting the leaves of the acanthus, uſed in the capitals of the Corinthian and Compoſite orders. See Architecture.
ACANUS, in botany, a ſynonnime of the carduus caſabonæ of Linnæus. See Carduus.
ACAPATLI, the American name of the piper longum, or long pepper. See Piper.
ACAPNON, in botany, an obſolete name of the origanum or marjoram. See Origanum.
ACAPULCO, in geography, a ſea-port town in North America, in 102. 0. W. long. 17. 3. N. lat. ſituated in the province of Mexico, on a fine bay of the South-ſea, from whence a ſhip ſails annually to Manilla in the Philippine iſlands.
ACARA, in ichthyology, an obſolete name of the perca chryſoptera. See Perca.
ARARA-AYA, in ichthyology, an obſolete name of a ſpecies of the cyrprinus or carp. See Cyrprinus.
ACARA-PEBA, in ichthyology, an obſolete name of the ſparus. See Sparus.
ACARA-PINIMA, in ichthyology, an obſolete name of the ſparus cantharus. See Sparus.
ACARA-PITAMBA, in ichthyology, an obſolete name of a ſpecies of the mugil. See Mugil.
ACARAI, a town in Paraguay in South America, built by the Jeſuits in 1624, 116. 40. long. 26. 0. S. lat.
ACARI. See Acarus.
ACARICOBA, in botany, a ſynonime of the hydrocotyle umbellata. See Hydrocotyle.
ACARNA, in botany, a ſynonime of the carduus cauſabonæ, of the cnicus, of the carlina lanata, corymboſa, racemoſa, and cancellata. Acarna is alſo uſed by Vaillant as a term for cynaracephalous or artichoak-headed plants.
ACARNAN, an obſolete name of the ſparus erythrynus. See Sparus.
ACARON, the name of the god of flies. the Ekronites called him Baalzebub.
ACARUS, a genus of inſects belonging to the order of aptera, or ſuch as have no wings. The acarus has 8 legs, 2 eyes, one on each ſide of the head, and two jointed tentacula like feet. See plate 1. fig. 4. There are thirty-one ſpecies of the acarus. 1. The elephantinus, is about the ſize of a white lupin ſeed, has a depreſſed orbicular livid body, thickeſt at the edges, with three furrows on each ſide of the belly, and a black oval triſid ſpot at the baſe or end of the body. It is native of India. 2. The ægyptius, is of an oval ſhape, yellowiſh colour, and a white edge or margin. It is a native of the Eaſt. 3. The reduvius is plain and oval, with oval ſpot at the baſe. It lives on oxen and dogs. 4. The americanus, is reddiſh and oval, with the ſcutellum and joints of the feet white. It is a native of America. 4. The ſanguiſugus. The hinder part of the abdomen is crenated, the ſcutellum is oval and yellowiſh, and the beak is triſid. It is a native of America, and ſticks ſo faſt on the legs of travellers, ſucking their blood, that they can hardly be extracted. 6. The ricinus is globular, and has a round ſpot at the baſe; and feelers are clubbed. It inhabits the bodies of dogs and oxen. 7. The cancroides, with nippers like a crab, and an oval depreſſed belly. It is found in the ſhady places of Europe. 8. The ſcorpioides, with crab-like nippers, a cylindrical belly, and a ſmall pendulous head. It is of a yellowiſh colour; and its bite is venomous. It is a native of America. 9. The craſſipes has the ſecond pair of legs ſhaped like thoſe of a crab, and is a native of Europe. 10. The paſſerinus has the third pair of legs remarkably thicker than the reſt. It infeſts ſeveral ſpecies of ſparrows. 11. The motatorius has the firſt pair of legs very long and nimble, and frequents the woods. 12. The aphidioides has the firſt pair of feet longeſt, and two ſmall horns at the hinder part of the belly. It is a native of Europe. 13. The coleoptratus is black, and the ſides are a little cruſtaceous. It is a native of Europe. 14. The telarius is of a greeniſh yellow colour. It has a ſmall ſting or weapon, with which it wounds the leaves of plants, and occaſions them to fold backward. They are very frequently to be met with in the autumn, incloſed in the folded leaves of the limetree. 15. The ſiro has lob-like ſides; the four hinder feet are longeſt; the head and thighs are of an iron colour, and the belly is briſtly. It inhabits the farinaceous plants of Europe and America. 16. The exulcerans has very long ſetaceous legs, but the firſt are ſhort. It inhabits the ſeabies. 17. The geniculatus, is black, and the joints of the thighs are globular. 18. The aquatics has a depreſſed red belly, and the hinder part of it obtuſe. It inhabits the freſh waters of Europe. 19. The holoſericeus has the ſame charactters with the former, only it does not liv in water. 20. The baccarum, has a red diſtended belly, and lives on gooſeberries, &c. 21. The muſcorum, is of yellowiſh red colour, and the hinder legs are long and threed-like. It inhabits moſſſes. 22. The batatas, is of a blood-colour, and a little rough; the fore pair of legs are as long as the
