notes a Roman meaſure, both for liquid and dry things, equal to a cyathus and a half.
ACETABULUM, in anatomy, a cavity in any bone for receiving the protuberant head of another, and thereby forming that ſpecies of articulation called enarthroſis. See Anatomy, Part I.
Acetabulum, in botany, the trivial name of a ſpecies of the peziza, or cap-peziza, a fungus belonging to the cryptogamia fungi of Linnæus. It has got the name of acetabulum from the reſemblance its leaves bear to a cup. See Peziza.
ACETARY. Nehemiah Grew, in his anatomy of plants, applies this term to a pulpy ſubſtance in certain fruits, e. g. the pear, which is incloſed in a congeries of ſmall calculous bodies towards the baſe of the fruit, and is always of an acid taſte. See Agriculture, Sect. 1.
ACETIFICATION, a term uſed by chemiſts for the making of vinegar.
ACETOSA, in botany, a ſynonime of the rumex, or forrel. See Rumex.
ACETOSE, or Acetous, an epithet applied to ſuch ſubſtances as are ſour, or partake of the nature of vinegar.
ACETUM, vinegar, the vegetable acid of the chemiſts. See Chemistry, title, Of acids.
Acetum diſtillatum, in chemiſtry, diſtilled vinegar.
Acetum eſuriens, in chemiſtry, a diſtilled vinegar, rectified by the help of verdigreaſe.
Acetum radicatum. Boerhaave things the tartaeus regeneratus is the acetum radicatum of the old chemiſts.
ACGIAH-SARAI, a town on the north ſhore of the Caſpian ſea.
ACH, or Ache, in medicine, a term uſed for any ſevere pain, as head-ach, tooth-ach, &c. See Medicine.
ACHAC, a barbarous name of a ſpecies of the tetrao, a bird of the order of gallinæ. See Tetrae.
ACHÆINUS. See Achienus.
ACHAIA, a province of Turkey in Europe, now called Livadia, of which Athens was anciently the capital, at preſent named Saithines or Setines. See Livadia.
ACHALACTLI, in ornithology, a barbarous name of the columba cyanocephala. See Columba.
ACHAM, a country in the E. Indies, bounded on the N. by Bouton, on the E. by China, on the S. by Ava, and on the W. by Patan and Jeſuat in Bengal. It is very little known to Europeans.
ACHANE, in Perſian antiquity, a corn-meaſure, equal to forty-five Attic medimni. See Medimni.
ACHANDES. See Remora.
ACHAOVA, in botany, an obſolete name of the marum matricaria, &c. See Marum.
ACHASSES, a river of Languedoc in France.
ACHAT, in the law-French, ſignifies a contract or bargain, eſpecially by way of purchaſe.
ACHAT. See Agat.
ACHATOR, in the old law-books, is uſed for Purveyor, which ſee.
ACHBALUC-MANGI, a town in the northern confines of China.
ACHE, in medicine. See Ach.
ACHECAMBEY, one of the Bahama iſlands. See Bahama.
ACHELO, a town near the Euxine ſea.
AGHEN, or Achem, a capital town of a kingdom of the ſame name, in the N. part of the iſland of Sumatra, in the E. Indies. It extends as far as the line. The inhabitants are generally very ſuperſtitious. It has for a conſiderable time been a noted place for trade; and was formerly governed by a queen; but in 1700, a Said, or Preacher, found means to uſurp the government. Its principal produce is gold duſt, which is exceeding good. They puniſh theft very ſeverely; yet robbery and murder are very frequent among them. This town is ſeated by the ſide of a river, and the king's palace is in the middle of the town, and is well fortified. It is 450 miles N. W. of Malua, and 1000 S. E. of Fort St George 95.55. E. long. 5. 30. lat.
ACHERNER, in aſtronomy, a ſtar of the firſt magnitude in the ſouthern extremity of the conſtellation Eridanus. See Eridanus, and Astronomy.
ACHETA, an obſolete name of the gryllus or cricket. See Gryllus.
ACHIAR, a Malayan word, ſignifying a ſort of fruit or roots pickled with vinegar and ſpice. See Bamboe.
ACHIENUS, a name given by the ancients to the cervus or ſtag. See Cervus
ACHILLÆA, in botany, a genus of plants belonging to the ſyngeneſia polygamia ſuperflua claſs. Of this genus there are 21 ſpecies, only two of which are natives of Britain, viz. the achillæa millefolium, or common yarrow, (ſee Plate II. fig. 1.) and the achillæa ptarmica, or ſneezewort.
Achillæa, a name frequently given by the ancients to the gum called dragons blood. See Dragons Blood.
ACHILLEID, Achilleis, a celebrated poem of Statius, in which that author propoſed to delivery the whole life and exploits of Achilles; but being prevented by death, he has only treated of the infancy and education of his hero.
Tendo ACHILLIS. See Anatomy, Part II.
ACHIMENES, in botany, a ſynonime of the columnea ſcandens, a genus of the didynamia angioſpermia claſs. See Columnea.
ACHIOTE. See Achiotte.
ACHIOTL, a name given to the drug achiotte.
ACHIOTTE, an American drug, uſed in dying and in making chocolate. It is produced from the mitella diphylla, a tree which grows in North America. Between the ſmall filaments or elaves fo this tree, little grains of a vermillion colour are found, which the Indians make into cakes, and ſend in this form to Europe; it is ſuppoſed to promote urine.
ACHIROPOETOS, a name given, by ancient writers, to certain pictures of Chriſt and the Virgin ſuppoſed to have been miraculouſly made without hands.
