Page:Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (1910 Kautzsch-Cowley edition).djvu/297

This page has been proofread, but needs to be validated.

This page was corrected according to Additions and Corrections that appear in the 1910 edition.

and so always נִבְּאִים (except Ez 132 הַנִּבָּאִ֑ים) and נִמְצְאִים 1 S 1315, 2 K 1414, &c. (except Ezr 825 הַנִּמְצָאִֽים in pause).[1]

 [oo Moreover, the other participles in ā also follow the analogy of עוֹלָם as regards the final syllable (מְקֻטָּל, מָקְטָל; cf., however, הַמּוּשַׁב Gn 4312 in close connexion; see the analogous cases in § 65 d); also שֻׁלְחָן table (§ 85 u; plur. שֻׁלְחָנוֹת, constr. שֻׁלְחֲנוֹת), קָרְבָּן, constr. קָרְבַּן, hence in plur. constr. with suff. קָרְבְּנֵיהֶם Lv 738; עַקְרָב (§ 85 w), plur. עַקְרַבִּים (with sharpening of the final consonant for עַקְרָבִים, cf. also עֵירֹם naked, plur. עֵֽירֻמִּים Gn 37 [but in 225 עֲרוּמִּים, according to § 9 o an orthographic licence for עֲרֻמִּים from עָרֹם, מַֽעֲרֻמִּים nakedness, 2 Ch 2815; קַרְדֹּם, קַרְדֻּמּוֹ; מַֽעֲמַקֵּי Is 5110; נִכְבַּדֵּי Is 238 f.; מִשְׂגַּבִּי ψ 183; even with attenuation of the ă to ĭ, מֽוֹרִגִּים threshing instruments, 2 S 2422, 1 Ch 2123, from מוֹרָג), מַתָּן (§ 85 g), מָגֵן (§ 85 i), מָעֹז (§ 85 k), inasmuch as they retain the ā of the first syllable, contrary to rule, even when not pretonic, e.g. מָֽגִנִּי, מָֽעֻזִּי; מוֹשָׁב (§ 85 g); תּוֹשָׁב (§ 85 p), constr. st. plur. תּֽשָׁבֵי 1 K 171; also isolated forms according to § 84a t, and § 84b b, c, k, m, n, o. Cf. finally, צַוָּאר neck (from ṣăwʾăr), constr. st. צַוַּאר Jer 2810 ff., constr. st. plur. צַוְּארֵי Gn 4514, &c.

 [qq 2. (Paradigm b; cf. § 84a s.) Instead of the original ĭ in such forms as אֹֽיִבְכֶם (cf. 2 K 2229), the second syllable more frequently has ĕ, e.g. יֽׄצֶרְךָ thy creator; with a closing guttural (according to § 91 d; but cf. also אֹבַד Dt 3228) forms are found sometimes like שֹׁלֵֽחֲךָ, sometimes like בֹּרַֽאֲךָ; constr. st. without suff. נֹטַ֫ע ψ 949 (according to § 65 d); with a middle guttural גּֽׄאַלְךָ Is 4817; cf. 4314.—The same analogy also is followed in the flexion of the other participles which have ē in the final syllable (מְקַטֵּל, מִתְקַטֵּל, &c.), see further, in § 84b d, גִּבֵּן, &c. (but with exceptions, as שִׁלֵּשִׁים, רִבֵּעִים), and ibid. l, p; § 85 i, k (מִזְבֵּחַ altar, constr. st. מִזְבַּח, plur. מִזְבְּחוֹת), and ibid. q , but here also there are exceptions like מַקְהֵלִים ψ 2612, מוֹסֵרוֹת Jer 55, רִבֵּעִים, שִׁלֵּשִׁים Ex 205, שֹׁמֵמוֹת Is 498, שֹׁמֵמִים La 116 (cf. König, ii. 109).

 [rr 3. (Paradigm c: part. Qal of verbs ל״ה, differing from Paradigm II, f in the unchangeableness of the vowel of the first syllable.) In Ez 1715 ē in the absol. st. is abnormal, and Seghôl in the constr. st. in 2 S 2411 (so Opitius, Ginsburg; but Baer חֹזֵה), Ec 215 (according to Baer, but not the Mantua ed.; מִקְרֶה Ec 319 is in the absol. st.). To this class belong, as regards their formation, the ל״ה-forms mentioned in § 84a r, § 85 g (with suff., e.g. הַמַּֽעַלְךָ Dt 201, which brought thee up), and h.

 [ss In a few instances, before a suffix beginning with a consonant, the original ăy of the termination has been contracted to ê, and thus there arise forms which have apparently plural suffixes; as מִשְׁתֵּיהֶם Is 512, Dn 110.16; מַרְאֵיהֶם their appearance, Dn 115, Gn 4121, cf. Na 25; נֽוֹטֵיהֶם who stretched them forth, Is 425; defectively אֹֽפֵהֶם Ho 75 (cf. נְוֵהֶם Ez 3414); on the other hand, the examples in Is 1411, Gn 4717, which were formerly classed with the above, are really plurals. But מַֽחֲנֶ֫יךָ thy camp, Dt 2315 (מַֽחֲנֶ֫ךָ occurs just before),

  1. Brockelmann, Grundriss, p. 659, observes that except in 2 Ch 511, 3517 הַנִּמְצְאִים is always followed by a preposition governing a word, so that the punctuators perhaps intended to indicate a sort of constr. st.