Page:History of Indian and Eastern Architecture Vol 1.djvu/387

CHAP. III. MAMALLAPURAM. 339 their gradual transformation detected by any one familiar with the subject. On the other hand, the oblong raths were halls or porticos with the Buddhists, and became the gateways or gopurams which are frequently indeed generally more important parts of later Dravidian temples than the vimanas themselves. They, too, like the vimanas, retain their original 195- Perumal Temple at Madura. (From a MS. Drawing in the possession of the late General Monteith, Madras Engineers.) No scale. features very little changed to the present day, as may be seen from the annexed example from a modern Tamil temple on the opposite shore of the Gulf of Manar (Woodcut No. 196). To all this, however, we shall have frequent opportunities of referring in the sequel, and it will become much plainer as we proceed. The other antiquities at Mamallapuram, though very