he had learnt from it this truth, which he desired might be thus communicated to posterity—"That all is vanity which is not honest, and that there is no solid wisdom but in real piety." A list of Evelyn's numerous works will be found in the Biographia Britannica, and his "Diary" and "Letters" were published in 1819.—L. L. P.
EVELYN, John, son of the preceding, was born at his father's house at Saye's Court, near Deptford, on the 14th of January, 1654. His father superintended his education with much care, sending him to Oxford in the year 1666. While there he wrote a Greek poem, which his father prefixed to his own work Sylva, no doubt with much honest pride and satisfaction. On leaving Oxford, he again studied under his father, He married Martha, daughter and co-heiress of Richard Spencer, Esq. He held the office of commissioner of revenue in Ireland and showed much aptitude for public business, so that had he lived longer, the world would probably have heard more of him; but he died at the comparatively early age of forty-five, at his house in London, on the 24th March, 1698. He was the author of a work on gardening; the Life of Alexander the Great, translated from the Greek of Plutarch; the "History of the Grand Viziers, Mahomet and Achmet Coprogli;" and one or two poems published in Dryden's Miscellanies.—J. B. J.
EVEMERUS or EUHEMERUS, a Sicilian author, who lived in the third century b.c.; by some writers supposed to have been a native of Messene in Sicily; by others called an Agrigentine. He belonged to the philosophical school of the Cyrenaics, the scepticism of which he carried out to a length which made him regarded as an atheist by the devout among his contemporaries. He was connected by friendship with Cassander of Macedonia, who, about 316 b.c., sent him forth on an exploring expedition. He sailed down the Red Sea and round the southern coasts of Asia, as far as an island called Panchæa, and on his return wrote a work entitled Ἱερα Ἀναγραφη. In this work, pretending to rely upon archaic inscriptions which he had collected in his travels, he dressed up the fables of the popular mythology into so many historical narratives, and resolved the gods, Zeus included, into mere earthly warriors, kings, and benefactors. Of this work Ennius made a Latin translation, and it furnished the christian writers with inexhaustible arguments against the pagan mythology.—J. S., G.
EVERARD, Joannes Secundus, born at the Hague in 1511; died in 1536. He studied the civil law under Alciat, but soon deserted Justinian for Ovid, and took to writing amatory verses. He rambled for a while, with unfixed purposes, through Italy and Spain. He found employment as secretary in the establishment of the archbishop of Toledo, from whose service he passed to that of the Emperor Charles V. He went in Charles' train to Tunis, but his health soon broke down, and he returned to the Low Countries to accept the office of secretary to the bishop of Utrecht, and to die before he could enter on his new duties. He wrote Latin verse very fluently, and often happily. We do not know how far the time in which he lived, his own youth—for he died at twenty-five—and the encouragement of patrons who ought to have checked a vein of lasciviousness which runs through his verses, may furnish some doubtful excuse for this wretched man. The "Basia" has been often reprinted, and translated into modern languages.—J. A., D.
EVERARD, Nicholas, an eminent lawyer and upright magistrate, was born at Gripskerque in the island of Walcheren in 1462, and died at Mechlin in 1532. He took his doctor's degree in 1493, and about that period had acquired so much reputation, that Erasmus, in one of his letters, speaks of him as born for the good of the state. After holding an ecclesiastical judgeship at Brussels, he was appointed in 1505 assessor of the grand Belgic council, and shortly afterwards president of the supreme council of Holland and Zealand. This latter office he held with distinguished credit for eighteen years, and he was removed from it by Charles V., to engage in similar duties at Mechlin. He left some professional works.—J S., G.
EVERDINGEN, Albert van, a Dutch painter of sea-pieces and landscapes, born at Alkmaer in 1621, was a pupil of Roelant Savery and of Peter Molyn, surnamed Tempesta. Having resolved to travel for the purpose of studying nature in its grander aspects, he embarked for the north at a port on the Baltic, and had the good fortune, for it proved such, to be shipwrecked on the coast of Norway, near Verre. While awaiting an opportunity to pursue his voyage, he prepared, in presence of rocky shore and tempestuous sea, many of those studies which procured for him ultimately the title of the Salvator Rosa of the north. Amongst the many works by this artist, we must note a view in Tyrol, and one in Norway, at the Louvre; another Norwegian landscape at Amsterdam; a grand waterfall, at Florence; a wild landscape, in London. In all these works, design and colour are both perfect, the figures spirited and lifelike. Everdingen was an excellent draughtsman; he was also a distinguished engraver, and produced more than one hundred plates, almost all highly admired. He kept a school, in which, amongst others. Edema and Backhuysen learned their art. He died universally regretted in 1675.—R. M.
EVERDINGEN, Cesar van, brother of the preceding; born in 1606; died in 1679; was a painter of history, portraits, landscape, and genre, and one of the best pupils of Jan van Bruckhorst. His masterpiece, the "Triumph of David," he painted for the principal church of Alkmaer.—R. M.
EVERETT, Alexander Hill, an American author of some note, was born at Boston, on the 19th of March, 1790. the son of a minister of religion, and the elder brother of Edward Everett. An alumnus of Harvard college at the age of thirteen, he graduated with distinction at sixteen, and began the study of law in the office of John Quincy Adams, afterwards president of the United States. In 1809 he accompanied Mr. Adams on his mission to Russia, and returning to the States in 1812, was appointed, after a brief practice of the law, secretary of legation to the Netherlands. In that capacity and as chargé d'affaires, he remained in Europe until 1824, when he returned home, and was appointed by his steady friend. President Adams, minister to Spain. On his return from Spain in 1829, he became proprietor and editor of the North American Review, to which, when conducted by his brother Edward, he had previously been a prominent contributor. He was soon elected to a seat in the legislature of his native state; and after a political residence in Cuba, and a brief tenure of the presidency of Jefferson college, Louisiana, which ill health forced him to resign, he was appointed in 1845 minister-plenipotentiary to China. His health, however, was completely broken, and when, after an ineffectual attempt to make the voyage, he finally arrived at Canton, it was only to die—on the 28th of June, 1847. His contributions to the North American and other Reviews were of a miscellaneous kind, but his principal works were political and politico-economical. One of them—"Europe, or a General Survey of the political situations of the principal powers"—published in 1822, had the honour of being translated into German, French, and Spanish.—F. E.
EVERETT, Edward, a distinguished American statesman, orator, and author, a younger brother of Alexander H. Everett, was born on the 11th April, 1794, at Dorchester, near Boston, Massachusetts. His first education was received in the free schools of Dorchester and Boston, and entering Harvard college at thirteen, he graduated with distinction in 1811. He seems to have been originally intended for the bar, but feeling a decided inclination for the ministry, he became a student of theology, and evincing great proficiency in classical studies, he was appointed at the early age of eighteen, Latin tutor in Harvard college. When he was scarcely twenty years of age he became the minister of a fashionable Unitarian church in Boston, and displayed great powers of pulpit oratory. In 1814 he published a work in defence of christianity, and from this period onwards, his life and labours appear to have assumed more of a secular aspect. Appointed in 1815 Greek professor at Harvard, he started for Europe to spend some years in increasing his qualifications for the post, and during his visit to England he made the acquaintance, and in some cases secured the personal friendship of our leading men in literature and science. Sir Walter Scott, Jeffrey, Campbell, Romilly, Davy, &c. On his return to the United States in 1819, he entered on the duties of his professorship, and discharged them with zealous energy and rare success. In 1820 he became editor of the North American Review—the chief quarterly of the States; and both during his own management of it, and while it was conducted by his brother, he contributed very largely to its pages. In 1822 he married, and in 1824 he commenced his political career as representative of Middlesex, Massachusetts, in the lower house of the American congress. After ten years of political service in the house of representatives, he was elected governor of his native state of Massachusetts, and in 1841 he was appointed American
