ten years, he obtained no preferment from his co-religionists, and died in the sixtieth year of his age in 1572, being buried in St. Gertrude's church at Louvain. For a list of his writings see Wood's Athenæ, Oxon. ed., Bliss.—R. H.
HARDINGE, George, son of Nicholas Hardinge, a miscellaneous writer, was born at Kingston-upon-Thames on the 22nd June, 1744. Educated at Eton and Trinity college, Cambridge, he was called to the bar in 1769, and obtained a silk gown through the influence of his uncle. Lord Camden. In 1782 he was appointed solicitor-general to the queen, and two years later entered parliament as member for Old Sarum. In 1787 he was appointed senior justice of the counties of Brecon, Glamorgan, and Radnor, and in 1794 attorney-general to the queen. He died on the 26th April, 1816. He had been a contributor to Nichols' Literary Anecdotes of the Eighteenth Century, and in 1818 Mr. Nichols published, prefixing a memoir of their author, his miscellaneous works in prose and verse, comprising charges, lay sermons, parliamentary speeches, literary essays, and some poems. The liveliest of his writings was his "Essence of Malone" (1800), quizzing Malone's Life of Dryden.—F. E.
HARDINGE, Henry, Viscount, a distinguished general in the British service, was the third son of the Rev. Henry Hardinge, rector of Stanhope in the county of Durham, and was born at Wrotham in Kent on the 30th of March, 1785. In his fifteenth year he was gazetted an ensign in the Queen's rangers, and served for a short time with his regiment in Canada. We next hear of him as having joined the British army in the peninsula, where he served in the campaign under Sir John Moore, and was present at the battle of Corunna on the 16th of January, 1809. In the confusion of the embarkation young Hardinge, who was at this time a captain, was noticed by General Beresford for his zeal and activity in the discharge of his duties, his conduct forming a marked contrast to that of a staff officer, his superior in rank, who consulted only his own safety. The general immediately appointed him to the post held by this officer, and ever afterwards watched over his interests. We next hear of him as Lieutenant-colonel Hardinge, and deputy quartermaster-general of the Portuguese army under the command of Beresford. When only twenty-five years old he was intrusted with a brigade in this army, and the same rank was afterwards allowed to him in the British service. He was on Lord Beresford's staff until the conclusion of the peninsular war, during which struggle he was present at most of the memorable battles, sieges, and affairs, with which the glory of England is so much associated. He was at the passage of the Douro, and took part in or was present at the battles of Busaco, Albuera, Salamanca, Vittoria, the Pyrenees, Nivelle, Nive, and Orthes; he was also at Roleia, Torres Vedras, the three sieges of Badajos, and the capture of Ciudad Rodrigo. In all these he was distinguished for his gallantry; but his most remarkable service was that rendered on the field of Albuera, when, as is related by the historian of the peninsular campaign, the fortune of the day was turned in favour of the English by a happy manœuvre of young Hardinge, who, on his own responsibility and without orders from Beresford, the general in command, "boldly ordered General Cole to advance; and then riding to Colonel Abercrombie, who commanded the remaining brigade of the second division, directed him also to push forward into the fight." The result of this was a crowning victory; when, in the words of Napier, "fifteen hundred unwounded men, the remnant of six thousand unconquerable British soldiers, stood triumphant on the fatal hill." It must be mentioned, however, that Sir Lowry Cole and his friends dispute the part alleged to have been taken in this transaction by Hardinge, and claim for Sir Lowry Cole himself the merit of having both originated the manœuvre and carried it into execution. On the other hand, Hardinge endorsed the statement made by Sir William Napier, which we therefore presume was substantially correct. On the return of Napoleon from Elba, Hardinge again entered upon active service, and was attached as British commissioner to the Prussian army. At Ligny he was severely wounded in the left hand, which resulted in its amputation; and on this account he was unable to be present at the great battle of Waterloo. He had previously been wounded at Vittoria, but not so severely, and the loss of his hand brought him a pension of £300 a year. After the peace Hardinge was made a K.C.B.; and having obtained a seat in parliament in the tory interest, and being noticed by the duke of Wellington for his business habits, he successively filled several ministerial posts. In 1823 he was appointed clerk of the ordnance; in 1828 secretary at war and a privy councillor; in 1830 and 1834 chief secretary for Ireland, with a seat in the cabinet; and in 1841 again secretary at war. In 1844 Sir Henry Hardinge was appointed to succeed Lord Ellenborough as governor-general of India, and during his administration, which lasted till January, 1848, occurred the Sikh war, rendered memorable by the campaign on the Sutlej, and the glorious battles of Moodkee, Ferozeshah, and Sobraon, in which he served as second in command to Lord Gough. For his share in these victories, as well as for his other achievements, Sir Henry Hardinge, after the peace of Lahore in 1846, was raised to the peerage of the United Kingdom, under the style and title of Viscount Hardinge of Lahore and of King's Newton in the county of Derby. He was also given an annuity by the East India Company, and a pension by parliament of £3000 a year during his own life and those of his next two successors in the peerage. In February, 1852, Lord Hardinge was appointed master-general of the ordnance; on the 28th of December in the same year he succeeded the illustrious duke of Wellington as commander-in-chief of the British army, and in 1855 obtained the rank of field-marshal. These, however, were not his only honours. He twice received the thanks of parliament; he was colonel of the 57th foot; he had a cross and five clasps for his services in the peninsula; sixteen medals for as many general actions; and four foreign orders, namely, Prussian, Dutch, Portuguese, and Spanish. When the famous commission of inquiry into the conduct of the principal persons concerned in the Crimean expedition was appointed, it devolved upon Lord Hardinge to present the report of the commissioners to her majesty at Aldershott, and upon this occasion he was seized with a severe attack of paralysis. This was on the 7th of July, 1856. On being removed to town he rallied for a brief space; but felt his health so shaken that he resigned the high office of commander-in-chief, and then retired to his seat at South Park, Penshurst. Here he died on the 23rd of September in the same year. Lord Hardinge married in 1821 the Lady Emily Jane, daughter of Robert, first marquis of Londonderry, and widow of John James, Esq. He was buried on the 1st of October in the churchyard of the little village of Fordcomb. From an able article in the Times, published upon the occasion of Lord Hardinge's death, we take the following estimate of his character:—"There must have been some extraordinary qualities in a man who could rise to such eminent employments without ever having had, save in the memorable instance of Albuera, the chief direction of any great military achievement in the field. In the peninsula Lord Hardinge was always under command. In India he modestly took the second place under Lord Gough. In the recent conflict with Russia, his office was rather one of selection than of direct participation, and in his selections he was not very fortunate. The qualities which seem to have recommended Lord Hardinge to honour and fame were, in the first place, unflinching courage in the most terrible trials, or in the most unexpected turns of war. He was distinguished moreover by a buoyancy of spirit, by a cheerfulness, by a geniality, which made him ever acceptable to those around him. Almost to the last, when the weight of years and of lengthened service was beginning to tell upon him, he was a ready and efficient man of business. A character and habits such as these, joined to unwearied zeal and to a never-failing sense of duty, will be sufficient to account for the honours he attained, without insulting the memory of so gallant and deserving a man with fulsome and superfluous flattery."—G. B—n.
HARDINGE, Nicholas, a scholar and minor poet, born in 1700, the son of a clergyman, educated at Eton and Cambridge, and afterwards called to the bar, was appointed chief clerk to the house of commons in 1731, and in 1752 joint secretary to the treasury, a post in which he died in the April of 1758. He was famous in his day and generation as a scholar, an antiquary, and a Latin poet; an English poem of his, the Denhill Iliad, said to be "very much in the manner of Pope," is printed in Nichols' collection. More notable to us is the fact that he put the journals of the house of commons into their present form, a little event of some importance in the history of our parliamentary literature. It was to him as clerk of the house of commons, and as a distinguished scholar, that Walpole and Pulteney referred the wager about the true reading of a line of Latin verse, which Walpole was quoting in debate. Hardinge decided
