of this piece was remarkable, and it deservedly retained possession of the London boards for thirty years. His only other composition was a poem, "Youth." He died of consumption in London, March, 1773, so poor that his friend Hugh Boyd had to defray the expense of his funeral.—J. F. W.
* HARTZENBUSCH, Juan Eugenio, a Spanish dramatic writer, born 6th September, 1806; his father being a cabinetmaker in Madrid, of German extraction, a man of culture, but stern and taciturn. He was at first destined for the clerical profession, and received his education at the college of San Isidor in Madrid. His father having lost all his property by the revolution of 1823, Eugenio was obliged, with his brother, to work as a journeyman for support; but it was about this time that he first saw a theatre, and probably from an earlier period he had been busy in the study of the old Spanish dramatists, and in adapting French pieces to the stage. Some were rejected, and among them "Floresinda," since published in the Galeria Dramatica. The first public exhibition of any of his works was that of an adaptation of the Amo Criado of Francesca de Rojas, at the theatre De la Cruz, 24th April, 1829. The revolution which took place in the literary taste of Spain about the year 1834-36, was not favourable to his popularity. He lived with Alfieri and Molière; the public wanted imitations of Dumas and his school. Nevertheless, while in some instances he yielded too much to the prevailing taste, he continued to follow the bent of his own more masculine genius. In 1834 he relinquished his mechanical occupation, and entered the office of the Madrid Gazette, first as a shorthand writer, and afterwards in other capacities. His most celebrated, and perhaps best tragedy, "Los Amantes de Teruel," was represented in January, 1837. Another drama, "Doña Mencia, ó la Boda en la Inquisicion," obtained for him from the queen the cross of Isabel la Católica. His adaptations from the French, as well as his original works are numerous. Among the latter are some comedies. Hartzenbusch has superintended editions of Calderon, Ruiz de Alarcon, and Lope de Vega. He is also the author of various minor humorous sketches, poems, and fables, some of which were collected under the title of "Ensayos poeticos y articulos en prosa, literarios, y de costumbres" (1843). In 1844 he was appointed to an office in the royal library; and in 1847 he became a member of the Royal Academy. In 1846 and 1847 he wrote the theatrical criticisms in El Español, and contributed to a humorous periodical, La Risa.—F. M. W.
HARVARD, John, founder of Harvard college, U.S., was a puritan minister in England, who emigrated to America, and died at Charleston in 1638. He left a legacy of £779 to the school at Newton or Cambridge, which was subsequently constituted a college under the name of the founder.—G. BL.
HARVEY, Sir Eliab, a distinguished English naval officer, was born at Chigwell in 1759. One of his ancestors was the celebrated William Harvey, the discoverer of the circulation of the blood. He entered the naval service in his twelfth year as a midshipman in the yacht William and Mary, and afterwards served some time in the Orpheus frigate, and then in the Lynx. In 1775, during the American war, he was with Lord Howe in the Eagle, 74. In 1778 he was made lieutenant, and, after two years' service on the North Sea station in the Dolphin, he was promoted to post rank in January, 1783, by the express command, it is said, of the king. In 1794, when hostilities broke out with France, Captain Harvey was appointed to the command of the frigate Santa Margaritta, and assisted in the capture of Martinique and Guadaloupe. In 1796 he served in the West Indies under Sir Hyde Parker, and two years later, when measures were taken to repel a threatened invasion of the French, he was intrusted with the command of the Essex district. During the remainder of this war he commanded the Triumph, which was attached to the Channel fleet. When the rupture of the peace of Amiens took place in 1803 Captain Harvey obtained the command of the Temeraire, a 98-gun ship, in which he fought with brilliant courage at the memorable battle of Trafalgar, 21st October, 1805. The Temeraire, during one part of the action, was close to Lord Nelson's ship, the Victory, and for some time had to contend single-handed with two or three of the enemy's vessels. As an acknowledgment of his signal services. Captain Harvey was immediately promoted to the rank of rear-admiral. His next service was on board the Tonnart of 80 guns, in the Channel fleet, under Lord St. Vincent, and subsequently under Lord Gambler. In 1809 a serious misunderstanding arose between the latter and Admiral Harvey, in consequence of his lordship having appointed Lord Cochrane to conduct the fireships employed against the French vessels lying in the Basque roads—a step which excited great jealousy among the superior officers in the Channel fleet. Admiral Harvey was tried by court-martial, and sentenced to be dismissed the service for insubordination. His reputation, however, stood so high that his offence was virtually overlooked, and he was promoted to the rank of vice-admiral in 1810, and of a full admiral in 1819. He was also nominated a K.C.B. in 1815, and a G.C.B. in 1825. Admiral Harvey represented the borough of Maldon in 1780, and again in 1806. He died in 1830.—J. T.
HARVEY, Gabriel, an English poet, born about the year 1545. He is said to have been the son of a ropemaker, but this rests on the statement of his enemy, Thomas Nash, who calls him "the eldest son of the halter-maker." He was educated at Cambridge, and became a fellow of Trinity hall there, and also a doctor of laws at Oxford in 1585, practising as a civilian in the prerogative court. He was a man of learning, and of considerable merit as a poet, writing both in English and Latin verse. His verses, prefixed to the Fairie Queen of his friend Spenser, signed Hobbinal, are well known. He is, however, best remembered by his controversy with Nash and Robert Green, two profligate wits and rhymsters of the day, whom he castigated with much ability. Spenser, as well as the author of the epistle prefixed to the Shepherd's Calendar, bestows high praises on Harvey, the latter styling him "the most excellent and learned both orator and poet." He sought to introduce Latin versification into English poetry, and was one of the first to adopt English hexameters. His works are rare, and have much interest for bibliomaniacs. He died in 1630. His sons, John and Richard, had both literary reputations.—J. F. W.
* HARVEY, Sir George, R.S.A., Scottish painter, was born in 1806 at St. Ninian's, Fifeshire. Whilst serving his time with a bookseller, he employed every spare moment in drawing; and when, in 1824, he was allowed to enter the Trustees' Academy as a student of art, his progress was proportionably rapid. From the first Sir George's pictures were generally popular in Scotland, but it was long before they acquired anything like equal favour in England. He has of course painted many pictures small in size and trifling in subject; but the majority have been characterized by seriousness of purpose and a thoughtful development of the conception. Especially has he laboured on the history of the Scottish covenanters and the English puritans. Among his chief works are "Covenanters Preaching," 1830; "Covenanters' Baptism," 1831; "Covenanters' Communion," 1840; "The Duke of Argyll an hour before his Execution," 1842; "Bunyan in Bedford jail," 1838; "First reading of the Bible in the Crypt of St. Paul's," 1847; "Quitting the Manse," 1848; "Highland Funeral," 1844; "Glen Enterkin," 1846; "Sabbath in the Glen," 1858. Several of these have been engraved. He became an associate of the Scottish Academy in 1826, and a member in 1829. He was knighted in 1867.—J. T—e.
HARVEY, Gideon, born in Surrey about 1625, was successively physician to Charles II. in his exile, to the English army in Flanders, and to the Tower of London. He was vain and arrogant; and, under pretence of reforming the art of medicine, was constantly at war with the College of Physicians. Besides some medical treatises of little value, he wrote a pamphlet, entitled "The Conclave of Physicians, detecting their Intrigues, Frauds, and Plots against the Patients;" also "Ars curandi morbos expectatione; item de vanitatibus, dolis, et mendaciis medicorum." He died about 1700.—G. BL.
HARVEY, William, designer, was born in 1796 at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, and apprenticed in 1810 to Thomas Bewick, the famous engraver on wood, many of whose later cuts were drawn on the wood or engraved by Harvey. In 1817 he came to London and went through a careful course of study under Haydon—the Landseers and Lance being his fellow-students; and at this time he engraved Haydon's Dentatus, perhaps the largest and most elaborate wood-engraving that had been executed in this country. But he thenceforth devoted himself wholly to designing, and to the close of his career continued to produce with untiring industry designs for the wood-engraver, of almost every conceivable variety of subject, and in countless profusion; and—whether historical or political, in architecture, landscape, or natural history—all displaying fancy, taste, accu-
