the body being attended far beyond the walls of the city by a long train of friends, and the remains finally deposited in a vault at Hempstead in Essex.—R. W.
* HARVEY, William Henry, a distinguished botanist, professor of botany in the university of Dublin. He was born at Limerick on the 5th of February, 1811, being the eleventh and youngest child of Joseph Massey Harvey, a member of the Society of Friends, and a respectable and respected merchant for fifty years in that city. Mr. Harvey acted for some years as colonial secretary at the Cape of Good Hope, and during that time he devoted much attention to the botany of the colony. He sent large collections of dried specimens of plants to Britain. Many of these are deposited in the herbaria of the universities of Edinburgh and Dublin, and at the Royal Garden, Kew. Along with Dr. Sonder, he is now publishing the Flora Capensis, or a systematic description of the plants of Cape Colony, Caffraria, and Port Natal. He is also issuing a "Thesaurus Capensis," containing figures of many of the more interesting Cape plants. He is the most celebrated British algologist of the present day, and has published a standard work in four volumes on the sea-weeds of Britain, entitled "Phycologia Britannica." He has also examined and published works upon the algæ of North America, Australia, and Ceylon. He assisted Dr. Hooker in the determination of antarctic algæ, and has published many valuable papers in botanical journals and in the Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, and other scientific societies. He is an honorary M.D. of Trinity college, Dublin; a fellow of the Royal and Linnæan Societies; and a member of the Royal Irish Academy.—J. H. B.
HARWOOD, Edward, D.D., a well-known English scholar, critic, and divine, was born in the county of Lancaster in 1729. His parents were dissenters, and he was educated at Darwen, Blackburn, and in the college founded by Mr. Coward. In 1765 he accepted a pastorate at Bristol, which he held for five years. He subsequently returned to London, where he continued to labour as a literary man until his death, January 14, 1794, at which time he was in reduced circumstances. He obtained his degree of D.D. from Edinburgh, and was one of the most prolific writers, as he was one of the greatest readers of his day. He is now best known by his "View of the various editions of the Greek and Roman Classics." He also wrote an "Introduction to the New Testament," published in 1767, and followed in 1768 by a "New Translation of the New Testament." He also published an edition of the Greek Testament. A list of his works will be found in the Gentleman's Magazine for 1794.—B. H. C.
HASAN. See Hassan.
HASDRUBAL, the name of several distinguished Carthaginians, of whom the most celebrated were the following:—1. A son of Mago, represented by Justin as being one of the chief founders of the military dominion of Carthage. 2. A Carthaginian general in the first Punic war, who was defeated by the Roman consul L. Cæcilius Metellus under the walls of Panormus, 250 b.c. He escaped from the action, but was put to death on his return to Carthage. 3. A son-in-law of Hamilcar Barca, at whose death he succeeded to the chief command of the army in Spain, 229 b.c. He founded the city of New Carthage, and by warlike operations against the hostile tribes, greatly extended the Carthaginian empire in Spain. He was assassinated in the eighth year of his command. 4. A son of Hamilcar Barca and brother of Hannibal, who left him in command of the army in Spain when he himself set out on his march to Italy, 218 b.c. When the news of the great victory of Cannæ reached Carthage, orders were immediately sent to Hasdrubal to join his brother. In the spring of 207 b.c. he crossed the Alps, and in a battle which was fought on the right bank of the Metaurus, Hasdrubal was defeated and slain. 5. A son of Gisco, who was sent to the assistance of Hasdrubal, the son of Hamilcar, while contending against the Romans in Spain. He was defeated by Scipio in a great battle, and having withdrawn into Africa, where he was joined by Syphax, king of the Massilians, he was again twice defeated by the Roman general. He then returned to Carthage, where he is said to have put an end to his life by poison. 6. A general who was raised to the chief command of the Carthaginians during the third Punic war. When Carthage was taken by Scipio Africanus the life of Hasdrubal was spared; but he was carried prisoner to Rome to adorn the triumph of his conqueror.—G. BL.
* HASE, Karl August, a distinguished German theologian, born in 1800 at Steinbach in Saxony. In 1829 he became extraordinary professor of philosophy at Leipsic, but was immediately called to Jena to be professor of theology, where he has since remained. His best known works are—"Hutterus Redivivus," 7th edition, 1850; "Kirchengeschichte," 7th edition, 1854; "Leben Jesu;" "Evangelische Dogmatik," 4th edition, 1850; "Gnosis," 1826-28, 3 vols. 8vo. Professor Hase is a prolific and singularly lucid writer on ecclesiastical questions and parties.—S. D.
HASE, Theodor von, was born at Bremen in 1682, In 1707 he became professor of belles-lettres at Hanau. In 1708 he was appointed professor of Hebrew at Bremen, and minister of a church. In 1723 he became theological professor at Bremen, where he died in 1731. He was a learned writer, and a laborious editor.—B. H. C.
HASLAM, John, a physician of high authority in cases of insanity, was born in 1764, and educated at Pembroke hall, Cambridge. His professional publications were highly esteemed, and he was not less distinguished as a reviewer, critic, and epigrammatist. He died July 20, 1844.—G. BL.
HASLERIG. See Heselrige.
HASLEWOOD, Joseph, bibliographer and antiquarian editor, born in London on the 5th of November, 1769, was brought up in the office of his uncle, a solicitor, whose partner he became, and whom he succeeded in business. Early accumulating a large library of Elizabethan poetry and black-letter literature, he contributed in 1807 to the Censura Literaria of Sir Egerton Brydges, whose friendship he secured, and of whom he became the coadjutor in various literary enterprises, such as the British Bibliographer, 1810-14. Mr. Haslewood was one of the founders of the Roxburgh Club, and left behind him a curious MS. record of its early history, the "Roxburgh Revels." He died at Kensington on the 22nd September, 1833.—F. E.
* HASSALL, Arthur Hill, M.D., F.L.S., a distinguished physician, chemist, and microscopist, was born in December, 1817, at Teddington, Middlesex. He is a licentiate of the London Royal College of Physicians, and physician to the London Royal Free Hospital. He published in 1845 a "History of British Fresh-water Algæ," in 1849 "The Microscopic Anatomy of the Human Body in Health and Disease," and in 1850 his "Microscopic Examination of the Water supplied to the Inhabitants of London." In the following year he commenced a series of researches regarding the adulteration of food, drink, and drugs, and contributed to the Lancet reports of analyses and observations, showing that disease and death resulted to a frightful extent from the fraudulent admixture, which he found to be universally prevalent. His papers on this subject were collected and published with additional matter in 1855 under the title of "Food and its Adulterations." Two years later he prepared a supplementary work entitled "Adulterations Detected; or plain instructions for the discovery of frauds in food and medicine." Dr. Hassall is the author of several valuable papers on the physiology and pathology of the urinary organs, published in the Lancet and the Philosophical Transactions.—G. B—y.
HASSAN or HASAN, the son of Ali and Fatima, and the grandson of Mohammed, usually denominated the fifth of the caliphs, was born at Medina in the year of the Hegira 3 (a.d. 625). He is said to have borne a remarkable resemblance to Mohammed, who was very fond of him. On the death of his father in 660, Hassan was elected his successor; but his appointment was not recognized by some of the Mussulmans, and both his reign and that of his father is omitted in probably the most ancient list of the early caliphs extant. Nevertheless, his claim appears to be now generally admitted. The title of Hassan was disputed by Mohawiya, who is usually considered his successor. Hassan was very studious of the practical part of his religion, and accounted by all a good man, but he was not eminent for his courage. He eventually, however, placed himself at the head of the troops of his father; but finding that no regard was paid to his authority he retired into Madayan castle. He shortly afterwards met his rival at Cufa, where Hasan abdicated, after a brief reign of six months. A liberal income was granted him, which he expended on works of charity. Many curious stories of his piety and benevolence are told by the Arabs. He died in 669 of poison administered to him by one of his wives.—B. H. C.
HASSAN, Gazi, capitan pacha of the Ottoman navy. By birth a Persian, when a child he was carried off by a party of
