and other parts. In 1669 he was thrown into prison by the mayor of Leeds for preaching occasionally in a private house near that town; and in July the same year his goods were seized for a penalty of £10, inflicted upon him for preaching to his old parishioners in Coley chapel. Upon King Charles' indulgence he resumed, under a licence, his stated ministry at Northouvam, near Coley; but when the licenses were called in again his sufferings were renewed with great severity. In 1685 he was sent to York castle for holding a conventicle in his own house, and remained in confinement for a whole year; on which and other occasions he received pecuniary assistance from the excellent Lady Hewley. After King James' declaration for liberty of conscience, he built a meeting-house at Northouvam, and there he lived and laboured without farther molestation for the remainder of his days. He survived till May 4, 1702. "The unwearied diligence, humility, self-denial, and sweetness of temper, which this holy man discovered, commanded the love of all that were not enemies to all righteousness; and his memory is precious in those parts of Yorkshire to this hour." He left several works which are much esteemed.—P. L.
HEYWOOD, Thomas, an English dramatist and prose writer, as well as an actor, of the Elizabethan era. The little that is known of him is to be collected from incidental statements, principally in his own works. He was born in Lincolnshire, probably about the year 1570, and was a fellow of Peter-house, Cambridge. As early as the year 1596 he wrote for the stage, and was an actor, at all events, two years later. He appears to have been a most voluminous play-writer, having, as he tells us, had "either an entire hand, or at least a main finger, in two hundred and twenty dramas." Only twenty-two are now extant. He wrote several poems and prose works. As a dramatist he takes a very respectable place. He died in 1659.—J. F. W.
HIAM, ___, whose real name is supposed to have been Abiezer Coppe, was born at Warwick in 1619. On the breaking out of the civil war, Hiam became a furious fanatic, and published several tracts with strange titles, and at least as strange contents; among others, "Two or Three Days before the Eternal God thundered at Great St. Helen's," 1648; and the "Fiery Flying Roll," 1650, for which he was committed to Newgate. He recanted, and at the end of a twelvemonth was set at liberty. He now changed his name from Coppe to Hiam, and took up his residence at Barn-Elms, Surrey, where he practised as a physician. Hiam died in 1672.—W. C. H.
HIBERNICUS, Thomas, an Irish monk of great learning and piety, was born in the county of Kildare early in the thirteenth century. He went to Paris, and became a fellow of the college of Sorbonne. He afterwards went to Italy, where he entered into the monastery of Aquila, and continued there until his death, which occurred after 1270.—J. F. W.
HICKERINGILL, Edmund, was born in 1630 in Essex, and completed his studies partly at St. John's, Oxford, and partly at Gonvill and Cauis college, Cambridge. Hickeringill adopted the army as a profession, but relinquished it after obtaining the rank of captain, and went, with what precise object or inducement is unknown, to Jamaica. On his return in 1660, he published an account of his visit under the title of "Jamaica Viewed," 1661. His next destination was the church, and he was peculiarly successful in obtaining almost simultaneously the livings of Boxted, Essex, and All Saints, Colchester, in the same county; the latter of which he retained till his death in 1708. Hickeringill's writings consist chiefly of pamphlets of a controversial character, and are so remarkable for their scurrility and freedom of language, that it is surprising that he should have escaped prosecution and forfeiture. "He was," says Bishop Sanderson, "an independent, vile, ignorant fellow, very troublesome, so far as he could be, to his right reverend diocesan and to all that lived near him." His works were collected after his death, in 3 vols., Ox., 1709-16.—W. C. H.
HICKES, George, was born at Newsham, near Thirsk, in 1642. He first went to the grammar-school at Northallerton, and in 1659 to Oxford. He took orders in 1666. In 1675 he became rector of St. Ebbe's at Oxford; and in 1676 chaplain of the duke of Lauderdale, whom he accompanied into Scotland the following year. In 1678 he came to London with Burnet, archbishop of Glasgow, to lay before the king a report of proceedings in Scotland. Bishop Burnet says, that when Mitchel was put to death for a design to kill Archbishop Sharp, Hickes "published a false and partial relation of the matter, in order to the justifying of it." Sharp expressed his gratitude by making him a D.D. of St. Andrew's. In 1680 Charles II. made him prebend of Worcester, and soon after Sancroft made him vicar of All Hallows, Barking, near London. In 1681 he was chaplain to the king; and in 1683 dean of Worcester. In 1686 he went to reside at Worcester, and became rector of Allchurch near that city. Up to this date his writings were all controversial. At the Revolution he refused to take the oaths to William and Mary, and was suspended and deprived, on which occasion he fastened up in the cathedral a "Protestation and Claim of Right," declaring that he "was, and still did continue, the only rightful and legal dean of this cathedral church of Worcester." Sancroft and the other nonjurors wished to continue an episcopal succession, a project in which James II. concurred. Hickes ascertained from James the opinion of some popish bishops and of the pope in favour of their scheme. He returned to London in 1694, and was ordained Bishop of Thetford by Dr. Lloyd, bishop of Norwich, Dr. Turner of Ely, and Dr. White of Peterborough, at the lodgings of White, at Southgate, Middlesex. Hickes himself, in 1713, took part in consecrating three nonjurors as bishops; and two more in 1715. The character of Hickes has been very variously estimated. He was a very high churchman, but prepared to hazard anything rather than violate his conscience. His great work, for which he will always be honourably remembered, is the "Linguarum veterum septentrionalium Thesaurus." In a volume published in 1689, he set forth the principles of Anglo-Saxon, Mœso-Gothic, and Icelandic grammar, &c. These are almost the only books in which Hickes appears to advantage, and lead us to agree with his biographers, that although "he was a person of universal learning, his temper, and situation, and connections were such as to suffer him to leave but few monuments of it that are worth remembering." He died December 15, 1715.—B. H. C.
* HICKEY, Rev. William, better known by his pseudonym of "Martin Doyle," was born in the county of Cork in October, 1790. In 1804 he entered Trinity college, Dublin, from whence, after obtaining an honour, he was removed the following year to St John's, Cambridge. Here he obtained a scholarship, and graduated in 1809. In 1811 he was ordained, two years after which he married, and in 1821 was presented to the vicarage of Bannow, in the county of Wexford. Here, in conjunction with the late Thomas Boyce, the proprietor of the district, commenced those labours which conferred such large benefits on the agricultural classes. They established an agricultural school, over which Mr. Hickey watched with untiring vigilance; and his exertions in promoting the welfare of the peasantry and the cause of agriculture, were gratefully recognized by the Royal Dublin Society, who gave him a gold medal and made him an honorary member. From this he was removed to the living of Kilcormick; and shortly afterwards first came before the public as the author, under his assumed name, of "Hints to Small Farmers." The work was a great and deserved success; its sound, practical knowledge, combined with the playful humour of its style, exposing the errors of Irish farmers without offending them, made it so popular that edition after edition rapidly disappeared, and it was finally stereotyped to meet the continuing demand. This work was speedily followed by "Irish Cottages;" "Common Sense for Common People;" "Catechisms of Gardening and Cottage Farming;" and many others of a similar character. Besides these he wrote a "Cyclopædia of Practical Husbandry," and the "Agricultural Class-book," which was adopted and published by the commissioners of national education in Ireland. William Hickey has also for thirty years been a contributor to periodical literature, and withal an active and earnest minister of religion. His writings are distinguished for vigour, simplicity, and sound practical common sense, enlivened with great happiness of expression and vivacity of style. He resides at Mulrankin, to the living of which he was finally promoted.—J. F. W.
HICKMAN, Henry, a native of Worcestershire, and studied at Cambridge; but he afterwards went to Oxford, where he became a fellow of Magdalen. But having espoused the principles of the nonconformists, he was deprived of his fellowship in 1662, and ejected. Hereupon he betook himself to Holland, and became minister of the English congregation at Leyden, where he died in 1692. Among his writings are several treatises against the Arminians, and in defence of nonconformity; but he is probably best remembered for his rather searching remarks on Heylin's History of the Presbyterians.—B. H. C.
