LEMOS, Thomas de, a Spanish dominican, was born about the middle of the sixteenth century, and died in 1629. He was professor at Valladolid, and distinguished himself in the quarrel between the jesuits and dominicans on the subject of grace. On this business he went to Naples, Rome, &c. In 1607 he was appointed consulter-general of the inquisition. His character and labours won him the favour of the popes, and a pension from the king of Spain. His works in five folio volumes relate altogether to the controversy already alluded to, and consist of his "Panoplia Gratiæ," in 4 vols., and a journal of the proceedings of the congregations De Auxiliis, in one volume.—B. H. C.
L'EMPEREUR, Constantin, an eminent Dutch scholar, born at Oppyck about 1570; died at Leyden, 1648. In 1627 he was called to the chair of Hebrew at Leyden, and twenty years after to that of theology, which he occupied only a few months. Most of his works are translations from the rabbinical writings and the Talmud.—P. E. D.
LEMPRIERE, John, a well-known English writer, born in Jersey about 1755. He studied at Pembroke college. Oxford, where he graduated, and in 1788 published an octavo volume entitled "Bibliotheca Classica, or a classical dictionary, containing a full account of all the proper names mentioned in ancient authors." This is the work so often reprinted as Lempriere's Classical Dictionary. Something of this kind was at the time greatly needed by the classical scholar, and its appearance and respectable performance procured for it general acceptance. It was enlarged and improved in a second edition, published in 1792, since which time it has undergone many revisions and modifications. Although not equal to the requirements of the present day, it is still a somewhat useful work. In 1792 Lempriere published the first volume of an English translation of Herodotus, with notes; but the execution of a similar work by Beloe led him to abandon it, and no more was produced. For some years he was engaged in teaching—a work which he renounced in 1810; soon after which he was presented to two sinecure livings in Devonshire. He published a single sermon in 1791, and in 1808 his "Universal Biography," in quarto, with an abridgment in octavo. This Biographical Dictionary is by no means without merit, and although its popularity has never been equal to that of the Classical Dictionary, it is a useful work. The latter portion of Lempriere's life was passed in London, where he died 1st February, 1824.—B. H. C.
LENÆUS, Pompeius, a native of Athens, an accomplished Latin grammarian, flourished in the first century b.c. He defended Pompey, whose slave at one time he was, from the attacks made on him in the history of Sallust.—D. W. R.
L'ENCLOS, Anne, better known as Ninon de, a Frenchwoman celebrated for her fascinations, was born at Paris on the 15th of May, 1616. From her childhood she was subjected to opposing influences. Her father, a gentleman of Touraine and a man of pleasure, encouraged her to follow his example; her devout mother wished her to take the veil, and Ninon obeyed her father. She was early left an orphan, and inheriting a small fortune, established herself at Paris. Remarkably fascinating in person and conversation, she became the centre of a brilliant social circle. The list of her lovers includes some of the highest names in France—Condé and Coligny, Rochefoucauld, D'Albret and D'Estrées. She is said to have enchained three generations of one family, father, son, and grandson. She was the friend of men of genius. Molierè read to her his Tartuffe, and to the boy Voltaire, introduced to her when she was on the brink of the grave, she bequeathed a legacy of two thousand Francs to buy books. Her biographers lay some stress on the disinterestedness which she threw into her liaisons. Mothers in the higher ranks encouraged their sons to frequent her house, that Ninon might form their manners. She was intimate with Madame De Maintenon, and Queen Christina of Sweden in vain attempted to seduce Ninon from Paris to remain with her. She died on the 17th October, 1705. With the exception of some letters to St. Evremond, published in Collins' Lettres de Femmes célèbres, none which have appeared under her name are considered genuine.—F. E.
LE NEVE, John, was the compiler of "Monumenta Anglicana," a valuable collection of monumental inscriptions on persons deceased between 1600 and 1716, in 5 vols. 8vo, 1717-19. He left another collection in MS. dating from the year 1400, which is among the Harleian MSS. in the British Museum, Nos. 3605 to 3616. His "Fasti Ecclesiæ Anglicanæ," in which he was assisted by Bishop Kennett, exhibits him as the biographer of ecclesiastical dignitaries.—(See Nichol's Lit. Anecd.)—R. H.
LE NEVE, Peter, Norroy king-at-arms, was born 21st of January, 1661-62, the son of a draper in London. He was elected a fellow of the Royal Society, and being esteemed as an antiquary he was elected president of the Society of Antiquaries at the time of its revival in 1717. His manuscript collections, especially those connected with Norfolk and Suffolk, were very valuable. The celebrated Paston Letters, afterwards published by Sir John Fenn, was in Le Neve's library. He died September 24, 1729. A whimsical epitaph on him by Wagstaffe may be seen in Nichols' Lit. Anecd., iv. 184.—R. H.
LENFANT, Jacques, an eminent minister of the protestant church of France, was born 13th April, 1661, at Bazoche in the district of Beauce in France. His father, Paul Lenfant, was the protestant minister of Chatillon-sur-Seine. He was educated at Saumur, and completed his course of theological study at Geneva and Heidelberg. In this last city he was ordained in 1684, and became minister of the French church there, and chaplain to the Dowager Electress Palatine. In 1688 the invasion of the palatinate by Turenne drove him from Heidelberg, and he repaired to Berlin where he was well received by the Elector Frederick, afterwards king of Prussia, by whom he was nominated joint pastor of the French protestants of that capital. In that office he continued till his death in 1728, having obtained in addition in 1710 the appointment of chaplain to the king and the status of a councillor of the high consistory. It is said that when he visited England in 1707 he was admitted to preach before Queen Anne, and was offered a royal chaplaincy if he were disposed to join the Church of England, which, however, he declined. He died of an attack of paralysis, by which he was surprised while apparently in the enjoyment of perfect health. He was a distinguished writer in the department of church history. His principal works were a "History of the Council of Constance," in 1714; a "History of the Council of Nice, and of the most remarkable events between it and the Council of Constance," in 1724; and a "History of the Wars of the Hussites and of the Council of Basle," in 1728. The work by which he is best known in this country is his translation of the New Testament, with notes and a learned introduction, in the production of which he was associated with Beausobre. He wrote also an important and celebrated polemical piece entitled "A Preventive against Reunion with the See of Rome," which was highly esteemed by his protestant countrymen; and the authorship of which made it dangerous for him to await the arrival of Turenne's forces at Heidelberg.—P. L.
LENG, John, Bishop of Norwich, distinguished for his knowledge of Greek and Latin, was born at Norwich in 1665, and studied at Catherine hall, Cambridge, where he took his degree of B.A. in 1686, and was appointed S.T.P. in 1716. In 1701 he published what Harwood calls "a magnificent and one of the most correct editions of Terence." In preparing it he consulted thirteen MSS. and many ancient editions, and he enriched it with notes and a dissertation on the metrical licenses of the author. He was made rector of Bedington in 1708; George I. chose him for chaplain, and in 1723 appointed him bishop of Norwich. The smallpox carried him off in 1727. In 1695 Leng published the Plutus and Nubes of Aristophanes, with notes and a new translation into Latin, and it has the reputation of being a very beautiful and accurate edition. He delivered and published a volume of Boyle lectures, and a volume of sermons, and edited L'Estrange's English version of the De Officiis.—B. H. C.
LENNARD or LENGARD, Sampson, of the family of the Lennards of Chevening, Kent, is said to have been in early life "attached" to Sir Philip Sidney, and was by the side of that hero when he received his death-wound at Zutphen. Among the translations he afterwards published were those of Duplessis Mornay's Histoire de la Papanté, and of Charron's Sagesse. In his later years he became a member of the College of Arms, and acquired a reputation as an antiquary. Some of his heraldic compilations are in the British museum. He died in 1633.—F. E.
LENNEP, David Jacob van, a distinguished Dutch philologist, was born at Amsterdam, 15th July, 1774. He originally devoted himself to the study of law, but soon deserted it for that of the classical languages. In 1799 he became professor in the Athenæum of his native town, in the place of the celebrated Wyttenbach, who had been called to a chair at Leyden. He discharged the duties of his office most honourably for upwards
