rature, music, and the fine arts, and was withal a man of fashion. In 1807 he published a volume of metrical "Legends and other poems," which exhibit no great poetical powers, but the notes evince extensive antiquarian research, with a, strong turn for humour. In 1817 Mr. Sharpe edited Kirkton's History of the Church of Scotland, appending to the covenanting text a series of piquant high tory notes. In 1820 he edited the Rev. Robert Law's Memorials of Witchcraft. In 1823 he published his "Ballad Book;" the "Life of Lady Margaret Cunninghame," and a narrative of the "Conversion of Lady Warristoun," in 1827. The next year appeared the "Letters of Lady Margaret Kennedy;" the "Letters of Archibald, Earl of Argyll," in 1829; and the "Genealogy of the House of Setoun," in 1830. In 1837 he edited Minuets and Songs by Thomas, sixth earl of Kelly; and Sargundo, or the Valiant Christian. Mr. Sharpe was an accomplished musician, and skilful in drawing and etching. He published in 1838 a small collection of his etchings under the title of "Portraits by an Amateur." A number of the original drawings were at Abbotsford, and were highly admired by Sir Walter Scott, who has given a very graphic portrait of the author in his diary, under the date of November, 1825. Mr. Sharpe died in March, 1851. His rare collection of paintings, prints, china, and books was sold after his death.—J. T.
SHARPE, Daniel, an able geologist, was born in London in 1806, and was the nephew of Rogers the poet. Sharpe combined the calling of a merchant with the cultivation of geological science. His observations have been printed only as contributions to the Transactions of the Geological Society, to the journal of the same society, to the Philosophical Transactions, and to the publications of the Palæontographical Society. Extremely valuable are his writings upon the geology of Portugal, to which country he went on business connected with the wine-growing districts. The silurian and old red sandstone rocks of Wales, and the Coniston limestone, drew from him important Memoirs in 1842 and 1844. His opinions on the disputed questions of geology were formed from independent observation, and when opposed he knew how to maintain them warmly. His active mind was also occupied at one time with deciphering the Lycian inscriptions brought to this country by Sir Charles Fellowes. He was member of several learned societies, and a few months before his death was elected president of the Geographical Society. He died on the 31st May, 1856, in consequence of a fall from his horse.—R. H.
* SHARPEY, William, professor of physiology and examiner at the university of London, was born at Arbroath in Scotland, and educated in Edinburgh, where he took his degree in 1823. He afterwards passed some time in Germany, and on his return became a teacher of anatomy in one of the Edinburgh schools. In 1837 he succeeded Dr. Jones Quain as professor at London university. He is secretary to the Royal Society, and corresponding member of various foreign societies. His published works are limited to contributions to the Cyclopædia of Anatomy and Physiology, and the Introduction on physiology to Quain's Anatomy.—R. H.
SHAW, George, a naturalist, was born at Bierton in Buckinghamshire in 1751, and died in London in 1813. He was educated at Magdalen hall, Oxford, and took deacon's orders at that university. He afterwards relinquished his clerical studies, and entered upon the study of medicine. He attended classes at the university of Edinburgh, and took the degree of M.D. at Oxford. He was a candidate for the chair of history in that university. He settled in London, and devoted his time to natural history. He was a vice-president of the Linnæan Society and a fellow of the Royal Society, and in 1791 he was appointed librarian and assistant keeper in the natural history department of the British museum. He afterwards became the head of the department. He published a work on the zoology of New Holland; also "Zoological Lectures," "General Zoology," and "Cimelia Physica;" and he contributed papers to the Transactions of the Linnæan Society.—J. H. B.
SHAW, Henry, a celebrated designer, was born towards the close of the last century. He was a pupil and assistant of the elder Pugin, and also, we believe, a student at the Royal Academy. His original purpose was to practise as an architect, but his celebrity is due to his almost unrivalled skill as a draughtsman in ornamental art. Whether copies of mediæval relics, or original designs, his drawings are scrupulously exact, brilliant, and spirited. A large number of them have been engraved for publication in an expensive manner: but though coloured like the originals, and called facsimiles, the prints give but an inadequate notion of their remarkable minuteness and beauty of finish. The following are among the principal works which bear his name—"Luton Chapel, its Architecture and Ornaments," folio, 1829; "Illuminated Ornaments of the Middle Ages," 4to, 1833; "Designs for Furniture," 4to, 1838; "Details of Elizabethan Architecture," 4to, 1839; "Specimens of Ancient Furniture;" "Hand-book of Mediæval Alphabets and Devices," 4to, 1853; "Alphabets, Numerals," &c.; "Encyclopædia of Ornament;" "Specimens of Ornamental Metal Work;" "Decorative Arts of the Middle Ages," folio, 1851; "Dresses and Decorations of the Middle Ages," 2 vols. 4to, 1833; "Specimens of Tile Pavements," 4to, 1852; "Glazier's Book;" "Book of Sundry Draughts," 4to, 1848.—J. T—e.
SHAW, Stebbing, a divine and topographical writer, was born in 1762 at Stowe in Staffordshire. He was educated at Cambridge, and became a fellow of Queen's college. He published an account of a tour which he made in Scotland in 1787, and subsequently an account of another in the west of England. He edited a periodical called the Topographer, commenced in 1789; and he began a "History of Staffordshire," but died in 1803, before its completion.—F.
SHAW, Thomas, an English divine and traveller, was born at Kendal about 1692. After having taken orders he was appointed chaplain to an English manufactory at Algiers, where he took the opportunity of exploring various parts of ancient Numidia. He left Algiers in 1742, after a stay of twelve years, during which time he had collected many choice and interesting curiosities and fragmentary antiquities. After his return he took the degree of doctor of divinity, and became a member of the Royal Society. His principal work is, "Travels, or Observations on several parts of Barbary and the Levant," which was reprinted with additions a few years after it first appeared. The later edition contains a reply to Dr. Pococke, who having also voyaged to the East, had attacked some of Shaw's statements. Shaw's "Travels" were translated into French, with notes by the author, and also into German and Dutch. He died in 1751.—F.
SHEA, Daniel, an orientalist, born at Dublin in 1772, and died in 1836. He was for some time a clerk in a large mercantile house in Malta, where he made himself master of the Arabic and Persian tongues, which acquirements gained him the professorship of oriental languages in Haileybury college. He gave an English version of Mirkhond's History of the Early Kings of Persia, and was translating the Dabistan when death put a period to his labours.
SHEBBEARE, John, a political writer, was born at Bideford in Devonshire in 1709, and was educated at the free school of Exeter. He first attracted public attention by a political novel, which he published in 1754, entitled "The Marriage Act." His next performance was "Letters on the English Nation, by Battista Angeloni, a Jesuit." But the work which attained to the greatest notoriety was a series of "Letters to the People of England." For the sentiments expressed in these he was brought to trial, and, November 28, 1758, was condemned to pay a fine, to stand in the pillory, and to be imprisoned. After his release he was pensioned by government, and supported its measures. He died August 1, 1788.—D. W. R.
SHEE, Sir Martin Archer, P.R.A., was born at Dublin, December 20, 1769. He studied in the art school of the Dublin Society, and while yet a child carried off several of the prizes. He had hardly completed his fourteenth year when he lost his father, but he had already made sufficient progress to be able to support himself by taking portraits in crayons, and a year or two later in oil. In 1788 he came to London, was introduced by Edmund Burke to Sir Joshua Reynolds, and became a student in the Royal Academy, maintaining himself the while by the exercise of his pencil. His first contributions to the Royal Academy exhibitions were two portraits in 1789. Although his progress in popularity was not rapid, it was steady; and in 1798 Reynolds and Romney having been removed, he felt himself justified in taking the house in Cavendish Square, in which Romney had for many years resided. In this year he was elected A.R.A., and in 1800, R.A. From this time his position as one of the leading portrait-painters of the day was assured. He had always many sitters from the higher classes, many from the leading men of letters, science, and the stage, and a fair share of the large presentation and memorial portraits which add so largely to a
