ment of classical antiquities. He assisted Ainsworth in his dictionary, published several learned treatises, combated the statements and opinions of Dr. Conyers Middleton on the subject of the physicians of the ancients, and contributed an essay on Peutinger's Table to Horsley's Britannia Romana. In 1720 he was elected professor at Gresham college, and twenty years afterwards published in folio, "Lives of the Gresham Professors." He died at his apartments in Gresham college on 17th October, 1758. There is an account of his writings in Nichols' Anecd., v. 520. His life was published by Dr. Birch in 1766.—R. H.
WARD, John William, fourth Viscount Ward, and Earl of Dudley, was born in 1781. He was the son of William, third viscount, a man distinguished by the purest and most thorough benevolence of character; and was descended from Humble Ward, son of a wealthy London goldsmith, who married the heiress of the old family of the Suttons, Barons Dudley. Ward was educated partly at Edinburgh under the roof of Dugald Stewart, where he formed a close friendship with Sir Walter Scott and other eminent Scotsmen; and partly at Christ church, Oxford, where he enjoyed the great advantage of the tuition of the able and learned Coplestone, afterwards Bishop of Llandaff. Born heir to an immense estate, he did not allow his brilliant prospects to blunt his industry, but most assiduously cultivated his splendid natural abilities, and stored his mind with useful and most varied knowledge. On completing his education, he spent a considerable time on the continent, and leisurely and carefully studied the pictures of the great masters, and the architectural masterpieces of antiquity. At an early age he obtained a seat in the house of commons, and though he gave a general support to the government, he was known as an enlightened advocate of progressive reform. He usually acted with Mr. Canning, and when that statesman was placed at the head of the government. Lord Ward, who had been elevated to the upper house on the death of his father in 1823, was appointed secretary of state for the foreign department, and was created Viscount Ednam and Earl Dudley. He continued to hold this post after the death of Canning, and the resignation of Lord Goderich in the ministry of the duke of Wellington; but on the misunderstanding which arose between his grace and Mr. Huskisson in 1828, Lord Dudley quitted office along with his personal and political friends. Lords Melbourne, Palmerston, and other members of the Canning party. During the closing years of his life Lord Dudley's mind was unfortunately obscured through the effects of disease, and he died on the 6th of March, 1833, in the fifty-second year of his age. He was the author of a few articles in the Quarterly Review, and a volume of his letters to the bishop of Llandaff were published in 1840; but these productions of his pen are very inadequate representations of the extensive reading, exquisite taste, and splendid abilities of this accomplished nobleman. But they all, says Coplestone, "bear marks of his intellectual and manly character, strong sense, acute yet candid observation on men and manners and political affairs, original and deep reflection, combined with a lively imagination and a knowledge of books and of the world rarely found united in the same individual. They afford also the same evidence of a sincere, virtuous, and honourable mind, intent upon being useful, and upon performing his duty well in public and private life—exhibiting in the season of youth, as well as in more advanced age, that most engaging of all compounds, a playful fancy joined with a vigorous understanding and a serious heart. . . . A deep and awful sense of religion formed one ingredient of his character. . . . He was distinguished also by constancy in friendship, gratitude for acts of kindness and for benefits of every sort, warm affection and esteem for real friends, considerate and kind behaviour towards dependents and inferiors, and a neverfailing sense of filial duty and respect." Lord Dudley was equally distinguished by the quickness of his fancy and the readiness and variety of his knowledge. His reason was vigorous and disciplined; his judgment, his political views, temperate and sagacious; his taste delicate and formed from the highest models; and his memory retentive and faithful. Lord Byron, who knew him well, frequently spoke of his accomplishments and conversational powers in high terms.—J. T.
WARD, Robert Plumer, a distinguished writer, was the sixth son and eighth child of John Ward, a Spanish merchant resident at Gibraltar, and was born in 1765. He was educated first at a private school at Walthamstow, and then at Christ church, Oxford. He next removed to the Inner temple; but before completing his legal studies he spent some time in France, at the baths of Barèges, and narrowly escaped being guillotined in the room of a person of the same name. On his return home he was called to the bar in 1790. For some years he went the western circuit, but without obtaining much employment. In 1794 he wrote an "Inquiry into the Foundation and History of the Law of Nations in Europe," which was successful both as a work of literature, and as a professional speculation. In 1796 he married Miss Maling, a lady of a good Durham family, and sister-in-law of Lord Mulgrave, and changed from the western to the northern circuit, to secure the influence of his new and powerful friend. He obtained employment in some cases before the privy council, and wrote another book, on the rights of neutrals, which obtained the approbation both of Lord Grenville and Sir William Scott. In 1802 Lord Lowther was induced by Lord Mulgrave to bring in Ward for his nomination burgh of Cockermouth, and in the following year, on the resignation of Addington, he was appointed under secretary for foreign affairs. He lost his office on the death of Pitt, but on the formation of the Portland administration he was appointed to a seat at the admiralty board. He retired from office in 1823, and was appointed to the auditorship of the civil list, a situation which was virtually a sinecure. He now devoted his leisure to literary pursuits, and at the age of fifty-eight he composed his celebrated philosophical novel of "Tremaine," which was published anonymously in 1825, and met with extraordinary success. "De Vere" was published in 1827; "Illustrations of Human Life" in 1837; "Pictures of the World" in 1838; and in the same year "An Historical Essay on the Revolution of 1688." He closed the list of his works, in 1841, with the novel of "De Clifford," and died in 1846 at the age of eighty-one. Mr. Ward was three times married. His second wife, the heiress of the old family of Plumer in Hertfordshire, left him a considerable fortune. His memoirs, with selections from his diaries and letters, a most interesting work by the Hon. Edward Phipps, was published in 1850.—J. T.
WARD, Seth, an able prelate, was born at Buntingford, Hertfordshire, in 1617. He entered Sidney Sussex college, Cambridge, and subsequently was elected a fellow; but he afterwards (1644) lost his fellowship on his refusal to take the Covenant. He then resided in London, and acted as a private tutor till 1649, when he became domestic chaplain to Lord Wenman. That same year he became professor of astronomy at Oxford, and took the oath usually called the Engagement. In 1654 he took the degree of D.D., and in 1659 was made principal of Jesus college, and then president of Trinity. This office he was forced to resign at the Restoration, and in 1660 he obtained the rectory of St. Lawrence, Old Jewry, London, through the patronage of the duke of Albemarle and the earl of Clarendon. The same year he became precentor of the cathedral of Exeter; the year following he was made dean and bishop of the see. In 1667 he was translated to Salisbury, and in 1671 was promoted to the chancellorship of the order of the garter, an office ever since attached to that bishopric. He died in January, 1689, having been for some years in a condition of mental imbecility. As a bishop Ward showed great liberality and public spirit. He endowed at Salisbury a college of matrons for the reception of a number of widows of orthodox clergymen in the diocese. He was author of several scientific and theological works—"Prælectio de Cometis;" "Idea Trigonometriæ;" "Astronomia Græca;" "Exercitatio epistolica in Thomæ Hobbesii Philosophiam;" an "Essay on the Being and Attributes of God;" and a volume of sermons, London, 1674. During his residence at Oxford, he and other eminent men held frequent meetings and conversations in the apartments of Dr. Wilkins in Wadham college, and out of them arose the Royal Society, of which Dr. Ward was the second president.—J. E.
WARD, Thomas, a Roman catholic controversialist, was born at Danby castle, Yorkshire, in 1652. He was one of James II.'s guards, and subsequently a schoolmaster. He published a number of controversial works, which gave rise to considerable discussion. His chief productions were—"Errata of the Protestant Bible;" and "England's Reformation," a Hudibrastic poem. He died in 1708.—F.
WARDLAW, Henry, Bishop of St. Andrews in the fifteenth century (1403-1440). He had previously occupied the position of precentor of Glasgow, and was appointed to the vacant see of St. Andrews by Benedict XIII., one of three popes at that time contending for the papal throne. Wardlaw's history is but
