roads through 13 gates. The fort stands in a commanding position. Punjab University is one of the most flourishing educational institutions in India. Here also are the Oriental College, Government College, Government Medical School, Mayo Hospital and Robert Institute. The origin of the city dates not later than the 7th century, and under the Mogul empire it reached a population of over 1,000,000. The city is noted for its fine carpet industry.
Lake District, the mountainous region of Cumberland, Westmoreland and a small portion of Lancashire in England, within which are 16 small lakes and many mountain streams and mountains rising to 3,000 feet. The district is about 30 miles from north to south and 25 from east to west, affording a beauty and variety of scenery seldom found in so small an area. The place is visited by many tourists. The district has been immortalized by poets, the most prominent being Wordsworth; others are Southey, Prof. John Wilson (“Kit North”) Snelley, Mrs. Hemans, Harriet Martineau, Ruskin and Gray. See Professor Knight's English Lake District in the Poems of Wordsworth.
Lake Dwellings, houses built on platforms supported by piles or posts in the shallows or margins of lakes. From the earliest times there were lake-dwellers in central Europe, and the custom prevailed in Scotland and Ireland to a late day. When the waters of Lake Zürich in Switzerland receded in 1854, the remains of a lake dwelling were discovered at Meilen, and similar relics were found at the mud-bottoms of many Swiss lakes. Since then they have been thoroughly investigated and their existence determined in the stone, bronze and iron ages. Nothing, however, is known of the origin of this mode of life. In the stone age the larger implements were made of hard stone, the smaller of the less plentiful flint. In the bronze age the dwellings seem to have been further out in the water than in the stone age. The pottery is finer and more elegantly ornamented, and the implements and weapons are of bronze. The lake dwellings of Marin are the best known of the iron age. The extent of the settlement was 1,200 by 250 feet. Many articles of fine workmanship in iron have been found here, such as shield-mountains, buckles, bridle bits, hatchets, dice, small objects of bone and Roman and Gallic coins, the latest being of Emperor Claudius, 41 to 54 A. D. The custom of living in water-houses is still practiced among barbarous tribes in the Malayan Archipelago, New Guinea, Venezuela and central Africa. See Munro's Lake Dwellings of Europe.
Lake Forest College, a Presbyterian coeducational institution, is located at Lake Forest, Ill., 28 miles north of Chicago. It was chartered in 1857 as Lind University. In 1865 the name was changed by the legislature to Lake Forest University. It comprises Lake Forest Academy, Ferry Hall Seminary, Lake Forest College, Chicago College of Dental Surgery and Chicago-Kent College of Law. Its faculty numbers 127, with 1,400 students. Its library contains more than 30,000 volumes. The productive funds amount to $609,000. Its Bross lectureship belongs to the same class as the Gifford and Bampton of Great Britain.
Lake of the Woods, a picturesque sheet of water, at the western angle of Ontario, where it abuts on Manitoba and Minnesota. It extends southward from Rat Portage, on Winnipeg River and the Canadian Pacific, to Rainy River, the boundary between Ontario and Minnesota. The lake is identified with early attempts at western colonization, for the Verandryes in 1731 built a fort and mission at its southwestern corner and made it the base of later operations. Steamers now ply on it.
Lake St. John Territory, a region in northeastern Canada (area 44,000 square miles), situated in the township of Chicoutimi, at the head of navigation on Saguenay River and on the northern confines of Quebec. It is the scene of extensive lumbering operations.
Lakes, The Great. By this term is usually meant the chain of lakes lying along the boundary of Canada and the United States. They are Michigan, Superior, Huron, Erie and Ontario. All except Michigan are partly in the United States and partly in Canada, the boundary line between the two countries following the mean middle of the chain. Lake Michigan is entirely within the United States, being bounded east and north by Michigan and west by Indiana, Illinois and Wisconsin. The shore-line extends within the United States about 3,000 miles. The Great Lakes, taken together, form the largest chain of fresh-water lakes in the world, Lake Superior being in itself the largest body of fresh water. The commerce is immense, and is every year growing larger.
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| LUCIUS Q. C. LAMAR |
Lamar, Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus, an American lawyer and statesman, was born in Putman County, Ga., Sept. 1, 1825, was educated at Emory College, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1847. He was elected to the legislature in 1853. He removed to Mississippi in 1854, and was a member of Congress from
