THE NEW STUDENT'S REFERENCE WORK
b. The dispersal of seeds
1717.
(1) By currents of air: as the thistle 1904;
milkweed 1226; dandelion 500;
(2) By currents of water: from headwaters to
floodplains and banks.
(3) By animals: indigestible seeds; and grap-
pling appendages.
(4) By explosive fruits: forcibly discharging
seeds.
5. THE SHOOT: part of the plant growing upward 1747. a. The Stem: axis of the plant 1821.
(1) The meristem: formative tissue in all growing organs 1207.
(a) The epidermis: protective cover-
ing of all higher plants 621;
(b) The hypodermis: cells just be-
neath epidermis 907;
(c) The collenchyma: having a pearly-
white luster 425.
(d) The hair: cells formed outside the
epidermis 825.
(3) The periblem: the embryonic region producing cortex 1452.
(a) The cortex: tissue containing the active cells 462; the bark 172; the bast 179; the cork 456.
(4) The plerome: the embryonic region producing the stele 1504.
[" 1. The vascular bundles: the conducting system 2004; sclerenchyma 1707; the xylem or wood 2118, containing the trachea 1930; the phloem or bast—for the transfer of food 1472.
2. The heartwood: the colored wood
854.
3. The sapwood: new wood through
which sap flows 1678.
(2) The dermatogen: the
embryonic region producing epidermis 522;
(a) The stele: the
central region of mature stems 1821.
(5) The bud: an undeveloped shoot 283;
" a. Leaf-buds: from which the axis
grows.
b. Flower-buds: from which the flower comes.
(6) Rootstock or rhizom: an underground stem 1633.
a. The Tuber: one form of underground stem 1948; as potato 1537.
(7) The node: joints in the stem 1354.
(8) The internodes: portions of stem between the nodes 933.
b. The Branch: a repetition of the axis of stem 259.
(1) Dichotomous branching: axis dividing into two branches 529.
(2) Monopodial branching: giving of branches from side of stem
259.
(3) Chladophyll: branches which replace leaves 403.
(4) The axil: where branches normally arise 149.
c. The Leaf: expanded organ of higher plants, for displaying green tissue to
air and sunlight 1041. (1) Deciduous leaves: growing off every year 512.
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