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Of the Edzvardian or Concentric Castles. 167 from the main work, and posted at the end of the bridge, upon the counterscarp of the ditch, as at Hawarden, Ledes, and Goderich. At Scarborough it is placed at the outer end of the long raised causeway, which, again, is broken by two draw- bridges falling from a low central tower. At Helmsley, as at
