Page:Medieval Military Architecture in England (volume 1).djvu/217

Arttndel Castle, Sussex. 201 Besides the well attached to the keep was a second, now covered up, in the middle of the lower ward. The habitable part of the castle is mostly or entirely Howard work. Edward, the ninth duke, was a great builder. He rebuilt Worksop, which was burned soon afterwards, in 1761, and he founded Norfolk House in St. James's Square. AVhat he did here does not api)ear. The i)resent domestic buildings which line the lower ward to the east, south, and west sides are, in substance, the work of Duke Charles towards the close of the last century, or 1791-1806, and have since been added to. I'hey are what might be expected from the period, and better than the rather earlier work at Alnwick, lately removed. It is s.aid that in the cellars, and built into the outer walls, are parts of the earlier structure, some of Norman date. The hall stood on the east cur- tain. It had a good Early English door, destroyed in the present century. The hall itself was ruined during the siege of 1643. The present grand entrance to the ward, to the south of the original one, is entirely modern, as are the approach to it and the outer gateway. So also is the Chapel of St. George, which stands along the west wall. The chapel which preceded it, and was taken down in 1796, was 40 feet long by 22 feet broad, and was endowed by Richard, Earl of Arundel, in 1375, with spoils derived from Crecy. The domestic buildings are said to have been augmented at the same time by w^ealth from the same source. The ecclesiastical endow- ment, shifted from the oratory of St. Martin to the Chapel of St. George in 1375, was, after about a century, again shifted to the Fitz-Alan Collegiate Church, without the walls. Arundel is a castle where, if anywhere, traces of English masonry earlier than the Norman Conquest might be expected to be pre- served, and no doubt it is just possible that such may be found about the foundations of the Norman walls. What is mainly remark- able about it is the resemblance to Windsor in its general plan ; the oblong inclosure encroached upon from one side by the mound and its ditch, so as to divide it into two wards, in one of which are domestic buildings. The older part of the gatehouse, and parts of the curtain near it, may be regarded as Early Norman, the work probably of Earl Roger. The keep seems later, though also Norman. The additions to the gatehouse, the well-tower, and the oratory are probably Decorated. What is wanted is a correct ground-plan, which should include the outworks and the more distant earthworks. The older walls should be critically examined, and especially the basement of the domestic buildings. HISTORY. The Manor of Arundel, with others in this immediate neighbour- hood, was given by Alfred, by will (885), to his brother's son. It was held by Harold, and afterwards by William, who about or before 1070 granted to Roger de Montgomery the castle and honour of Arundel, with 84J knights' fees. Roger, who was of kin to the