used dd and d̛; Dr. M. in the Bible, 1588, used dd, which in spite of J.D.R.’s dh, 1592, has prevailed.
☞ In this grammar Ml. W. d when it stands for dd (ẟ) is transcribed ẟ.
iv. (1) In Ml. W. the letter g stands initially and medially for the sound g. The voiced spirant ᵹ had then disappeared.
(2) But g is also used as well as ng for the sound ng (ŋ) (as in Eng. song). When final, g must mean the nasal, for the explosive is written c, § 18 ii; thus llog b.b. 90, w.m. 180, r.m. 87 must be read llong ‘ship’.
☞ In this work Ml. g when it represents the nasal ng (ŋ) is transcribed g̃.
(3) Medially ng sometimes stands for n|g (pronounced ŋg like the ng in the Eng. finger); thus Bangor, pronounced Baŋgor. The simple sound represents original ŋg as in angel (≡ aŋŋel § 54 i (2)) < Lat. angelus (≡ aŋgelus); the composite sound occurs where the nasal and explosive came together later, and the g is the soft mutation of c, as in Ban-gor, radical cor; un-glust ‘one-eared’, clust ‘ear’. In O. W. the composite sound appears as nc, as uncenetticion m.c. ≡ un-genedigion, gloss on ‘solicanae’. Cf. Bede’s Bancor, doubtless the Early W. spelling.
§ 20. i. (i) The sound ff is represented in O.W. by f, as finn, fionou m.c. = ffɥnn ‘sticks’, ffionou ‘roses’; sometimes medially by ph as in ciphillion m.c. ‘sprouts’, grephiou m.c. ‘pencils’, Griphiud a.c. 814, § 36 ii, and p or pp as Gripiud b.s.ch. 1, Grippi(ud) gen. xxx.
(2) In Ml. W. the sound ff is represented initially by f, both when it is radical and when it is a mutation of p, though in the latter case ph is perhaps more usual; rarely we have ff; thus ban foher b.b. 5 ‘when they are put to flight’, fort do. 33 ≡ fforẟ ‘way’, ny forthint do. 34 ‘they did not cherish’, ny phercheiste do. 21 ‘thou hast not respected’; A fa le e maynt a.l. i 160, ms. a., a phy … ms. d., ‘and where they are’; heb ẟant yn ẏ fenn w.m. 453 … yn ẏ phenn r.m. 101 ‘without a tooth in her head’; ffoes b.b. 44 ‘fled’. Medially and finally it is generally ff, as diffuis b.b. 35 ≡ diffwys ‘steep’, proffuid do. 85 ‘prophet’, grofft r.m. 52 ‘croft’, anffurvaw do. 29 ‘to disfigure’, gorffen do. 5 ‘to finish’, sarff do. 186 ‘serpent’, hoff w.m. 72 ‘desirable’. It also appears as ph, as corph b.b. 20 ‘body’, (g)orphen do. 76 ‘end’; and often as f, as deu gorf r.m. 5 ‘two bodies’, anfurɏf do.
