(2) Indic. pres.: Ml. W. kaffaf w.m. 459, cahaf h.m. ii 126, caf w.m. 3; keffy w.m. 3, 23, 80, etc. (spelt kyffy 3, 460), kehy r.m. 120, key do. 293, 57, 118; ceif w.m. 25, 43 ≡ ceiff r.m. 16, 30; caffwn w.m. 34, cawn do. 84, r.m. 61; ceffwch r.m. 19, cewch w.m. 29; caffant w.m. 183; keffir w.m. 83, r.m. 60, keir w.m. 85, keffitor a 14869/56, O.W. cephitor CP.
Mn. W. cāf; céi, cái; céiff, cáiff; cáwn; cewch; cā́nt; céir, cáir, § 81 iii (1).
(3) The impf. in Ml. W. has kaff- or ka- in the indic.: cawn w.m. 394, r.m. 251, caffut w.m. 396, r.m. 253; subj.: pei caffwn w.m. 18, r.m. 12. In Mn. W. cáwn, cā́ut, cā́i, etc., and sometimes caffwn etc. in the subj.
(4) The pres. subj. seems to have kaff- chiefly: caffwyf w.m. 454 (twice); keffych do. 480 (4 times); kafont, kafoent (f ≡ ff) b.ch. 4, etc.; but caho Ỻ.A. 150, caont do. 48. Mn. W. has caff- only.
(5) Impv.—The vb. implies an absolutely passive ‘getting’ or ‘catching’ (as ‘catching’ a cold), and so has never been used in the impv. except in the 3rd pers. (or impers.), in which case the command is not addressed to the subject, and its carrying out is independent of his will. The forms are Mn. W. 3rd sg. caffed, caed, 3rd pl. caffent, caent; impers. caffer.
(6) Aorist.—The Ml. W. forms (all of very frequent occurrence except the 2nd pl.) are, sg. 1. keveis, 2. keveist, 3. kavas; pl. 1. kawssom, ‑am, (2. kawssawch), 3. kawssant, ‑ont; impers. kaffat, kahat. (The apparent contraction a geis r.m. 253 is almost certainly a scribal error for a ge(ve)is, cf. w.m. 395.) The Mn. W. forms are sg. 1. cefais, 2. cefaist, 3. cafas § 175 i (2), later cafodd; pl. 1. cawsom, 2. cawsoch, 3. cawsant. In the 14th cen., the following contracted forms are found, sg. 1. ces D.G. 124, G.Gr. d.g. 254; sg. 3. cas D.G. 294; impers. a gat r.p. 1299, cad D.G. 189, 409, 429, 430. Later are found cḗs; cḗst; cā́s and cā́dd D. 130, cadd M.K. [61]; impers. cafad B.Br. f. 6, cā́d; cā́ed (prob. orig. a false spelling of cā́d); cafwyd (cáwd c.c. 271, a dial, form used in late verse § 175 iv (5)).
(7) Pluperf.—The forms are Ml. kawsswn, etc., Mn. cawswn, etc., conjugated regularly. In Ml. W. is also found a plup. formed with ‑oeẟ: sg. 1. kawssoeẟwn s.g. 278; sg. 2. cawssoeẟut do. 247; sg. 3. kawssoeẟ do. 303, cawssoeẟei h.m. ii 170, cawssoeẟ-ẏat s.g. 30, ‑at h.m. ii 224; pl. 3. kawssoeẟynt s.g. 11. It is seen that the forms are found in Late Ml. mss. They are also used occasionally by Early Mn. bards, e.g. cawsoedd L.G.C. 18.
(8) Verbal Noun.—Ml. W. caffael w.m. 12, kaffel r.m. 8, 141, cael w.m. 13, r.m. 8 (once, caffu b.b. 53). Mn. W. caffael, caffel, cā́el.
There is no *cavael; the form cafael w.m. 60 ≡ kaffael r.m. 43. Nettlau’s cauael does not exist; the word is gauael (≡ gavael) r.m. 7, see below.
ii. (1) gafaelaf ‘I take hold’ is conjugated regularly in Ml. and Mn. W. with the v.n. gavael as stem.
