11 S. X. DEC. 5, 1914.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
451
Palin (W.), Stifford and its Neighbourhood (1871)-
More about Stifford and its Neighbourhood
(1872). Both volumes describe the deneholes
at Hangman's Wood.
Payne (G. ), Discovery of a Dene Hole at Plum- stead (Proceedings of the Soc. of Antiquaries, 2nd Ser., vol. xiii., 1891, pp. 245-6).
Pennant (T.), Journey from London to Chester (1782, p. 303). Describes the use of chalk, obtained by sinking pits, for manuring land.
Journey from London to Dover (vol. i. pp. 45, 55).
Petrie (VV. M. Flinders), Shaft and Subterranean
. Chamber at Eltham Park (Archaeological Journal, vol. xxxv., 1878, pp. 179-82).
Philip (A. J.), Dene-Holes of Kent and Essex, illus. (The Reliquary, 1908, pp. 188-98).
A Prehistoric Civilization on the Banks of the Thames, illus. (Home Counties Mag., 1911, pp. 46-55).
Recent Dene-Hole Discoveries, illus. (Home Counties Mag., 1909, pp. 91-5).
Pliny, Natural History, lib. xvii. c. 8.
Plot (Dr.), Natural History of Oxfordshire (1705).
Reader (P. W.), Deneholes (' Old Essex,' ed. by A. C. Kelway, 1908).
Deneholes, Chalk Mines, and some Ancient Uses of Chalk (Woolwich Antiquarian Soc. Report, 1909, illus., pp. 31-50).
Rivers (J. Pitt), Excavations in Cranborne C'hase, 2 vols.
Roman Pits (' N. & Q.,' 9 S. xii. 28, 131).
Round (J. H.), The Origin of Deneholes (Trans.
. of the Essex Archaeological Soc., N.S., vol. vii., 1900, pp. 400-401).
Scai-th (H. M.), Roman Britain (" Early Britain " Series), c. 1885, pp. 18-19.
Smith (C. Roach), The Caves or Pits in Kent, and in the Parish of Tilbury in Essex (The Gentle- man's Mag., 1867, pp. 357-8).
Retrospections (vol. i., 1883, p. 157 ; vol. Hi., 1891, pp. 268-71).
Roman Antiquities found near Winchester (The Gentleman's Mag., 1838, pp. 371-2, 611- 613). A number of pits were discovered vary- ing from 30 ft. to 40 ft. in depth.
Collectanea Antiqua (vol. vi. pp. 243-7). A short account of the Deneholes of Kent and Essex.
Smith (Worthington G.), Man, the Primeval Savage (1894, pp. 326-8). Describes a Dene- hole at Maiden Bower, Sewell, explored to a depth of 116 ft., the bottom not being reached. Bones of animals and birds, as well as burnt wood and pottery, were found.
Somerset Archaeological Soc., Proceedings, vol. ii. p. 64. Description of a pit at Worlebury in which deposits of grain have been discovered.
Spurrell (P. J. C.), Neolithic Flint Mines at i i ivford, Kent, illus. (Archceological Journal, vul/xxxvii., 1880, pp. 332-4).
Dartford Antiquities (Archaeologia Cantiana, v.il. xviii. pp. 317-18). Supports the granary theory.
Deneholes and Artificial Caves with Vertical Entrances, illus. (Archa;ological Journal, vol. xxxviii., 1881, pp. 391-409 ; vol. xxxix., 1882, pp. 1-22). This is probably the best resume of the subject yet published. Mr. Spurrell shows that pits for the storage of grain have been common in Europe, Asia, and Africa from the earliest times.
Deneholes and their Relation to Other
Earthworks (Proceedings of the Essex Field
Club, vol. iv., 1892, pp. 58-81).
Steadman (W. H.), Some Notes on Deneholes
(Northfleet Natural History Soc., Trans.,
1905-6).
Stevens (E. T.), Ancient Pit-Dwellings near
Salisbury (' Flint Chips,' 1870, pp. 57-60). Stone, Kent, Denehole at (Proceedings of the Geologists' Assoc., vol. xx., 1908, pp. 458-62). Stukeley (W.), Palaeographia Britaunica (1746).
Royston cave. Tacitus, Germanica, c. 16.
Tucker (C.), Discovery of Roman Remains near Tiverton, Devon (Archceological Journal, vol. v., 1848, pp. 193-8). A shaft, 58ft. deep, was found, containing fragments of broken urns, ashes, bone, arinillae, &c. Varro, Rervrm Rusticarum, vol. i. Verly (H.), Les Monuments cryptiques du Nord
de France.
Vincent (W. T.), Chislehurst Caves and Dene- holes (The Kentish Mercury, 20 Dec., 1907). A reply to Mr. Griffin's article in the previous issue.
The History and Mystery of Deneholes, illus. Woolwich Antiq. Soc. Papers, 1897-8, pp. 20- 41.
Records of the Woolwich District, c. 1890 (pp. 531, 615).
Side Streams in Archaeology (The Soulh- Eastern Naturalist, 1907, pp. 50-51). Walker (H.), An Ancient British Pit-Village [Hangman's Wood], illus. (The Leisure Hour, 1882, pp. 671-4).
Waller (J. G.), Deneholes (The Reliquary, 1896, pp. 36-8).
Some Remarks on Dene-Holes (Home Coun- ties Mag., 1900, pp. 43-4).
Warne (C.), Shafts discovered at Ewell (Pro- ceedings of the Soc. of Antiquaries, 2nd Ser., vol. i., 1861, pp. 309-13).
Weston-super-Mare, Visitor's Handbook to, by L. E. H. J. Describes a pit at Worlebury in which deposits of grain were found. Windle (B. C. A.), Remains of the Prehistoric
Age in England (1904, pp. 266-8). Wood (J. G.), Man and his Handiwork (1886). Chaps, iii. and iv., ' Cavern Life,' deal largely with Deneholes, and suppose a Neolithic origin.
A Picnic Underground (Good Words, 1879, pp. 749-52). The chalk-pits of Kent. Wyatt (J.), Denehole at Maiden Bower, Sewell (Archceologia Cambrensis, 1861, p. 172 ; The Times, 9 Oct., 1860).
Other references to the existence of Daneholes will be found in the following papers : Architect and Contract Reporter, 26 Sept., 1903 ; The Daily Graphic, 20 April, 1895, 8 Jan., 1908 ; The Daily News, 7 Jan., 1908; The Times, 30 Sept., 190.5, 2 Jan., 1908 ; West Kent Advertiser, 6 March, 1908; Woolwich Pioneer, 15 Nov., 1907, 14 and 21 Feb., 1908 ; The Dartford Chronicle, 3 March, 1908 ; Norwood Press and Dulwich Advertiser, 20 Sept., 1902 ; East London Advertiser, 14 April, 1906. Plumstead, W. GEO. CHAMBERS.
