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NOTES AND QUERIES. [12 s. IL SEPT. 2, 10111.
Devils that surest l>y treasons
Do botch and bundle up damnation
With patches, colours, and with forms being
fetched From glistering semblances of pi<-ty.
In ' Richard III.,' Act I. iii. 334, we have again an allusion to the use made by the devil of Holy Scripture in the Temptation in the Wilderness, as well as to the Tempter's assuming the guise of piety. Gloucester says :
But then I sigh ; and, with a piece of Scripture, Tell them that" God bids us do good for evil ; And thus I clothe my naked villainy With old odd ends stol'n out of holy writ ; And seem a saint, when most I play the devii.
It remains for us to notice the use made of the passage in question in the tragedies, and we find the most striking instance in ' Romeo and Juliet,' Act III. ii. 73, where Juliet, on hearing of the death of Tybalt, apostrophizes Romeo :
O serpent heart, hid with a flowering face ! Did ever dragon keep so fair a cave ? Beautiful tyrant ! fiend angelical ! Dove-feathered raven ! wolfish-ravening lamb ! Despised substance of divinest show ! Just opposite to what thou justly seem'st, A damned saint, an honourable villain ! O nature, what hadst thou to do in hell, When thou didst bower the spirit of a fiend In mortal paradise of such sweet flesh ? Was ever book containing such vile matter So;.fairly bound ? O, that deceit should dwell In such a gorgeous palace !
In ' Hamlet,' Act II. ii. 627, we have St. Paul's words reproduced in a much simpler form. Hamlet resolves to test the truth of the Ghost's message, and to try " to catch the conscience of the King " by the play. He says :
The spirit that I have seen May be the devil ; and the devil hath power T'assume a pleasing shape.
Our final passage is in ' Othello,' Act II. iii. 354, and the words are appropriately enough from the lips of lago, who openly acknowledges that he is acting exactly as St. Paul declares that Satan sometimes does :
How am I, then, a villain To counsel Cassio to this parallel course, Directly to his good ? Divinity of hell ! When devils will the blackest sins put on, They do suggest at first with heavenly shows, As I do now.
It is very interesting to see the mind of the poet playing with this thought and repro- ducing it in so many different situations.
J. WILLCOCK. Lerwick.
MARSHALS OF FRANCE.
THE last of the 'French marshals was Canrobert, who died in 1895. The French Government recently revived the rank, and it is expected that there will be at least one new marshal of France at the conclusion of the war.
I have been trying to put together a complete list of the marshals of France from the twelfth to the nineteenth century, with the result as given below. My list is prob- ably very incomplete, and may contain many errors. I should be grateful for corrections and additions. The date in front of the name is the year of creation,* the date? after the name those of birth and death. The dignity of "Marechal de France" was established in 1185, in distinction to that of " Marechal de camp," and apparently the office was a single one till Franois I. raised the number of Marshals of France to two. Under Henri III. it was raised to four, and under Louis XIV. to twenty (' Ency. Brit.').
1185. Albe>ic-Clement, 1140-91.
1390. Boucicaut, Jean le Maingre, sire de, 1365
1421. 1454. Xaintrailles, Jean Poton, seigneur de, 1400-
1461. 1520. La Palice, Jacques de Chabanes, seigneur
de, 1464-1525. Coligny, Gaspard de, -1522.
1522. Montmorency, Anne, due de, 1493-1567. 1536. La Marck, Robert de, seigneur de Fleur-
anges, 1491-1537. 1550. Coss4, Charles de, comte de Brissac, c. 1505-
1563. 1569. Tavannes, Gaspard Saulx, seigneur de r
1509-73. 1574. Montluc, Blaise de Lasseran - Massencome,
seigneur de, 150177. 1574. Bellegarde, Roger de Saint Lary de, 1538-
1579.
Montmorency, Francois, due de, -1579. 1577. Biron, Armand de Gontaut, baron de,.
1524-77 (?).
Aumont, Jean d', 1522-95. 1579. Matignon, Jacques Goyon de, 152. K -97. 1590. La Noue, Francois de, 1531-91. 1608. Lesdiguieres, Francois de Bonne due de,.
1543-1627. 1619. La Guiche, Jean Francois d<% comte de la
Palice, 1567-1632. La Force, Jacques Nompai du Caumont,.
due de, 1558-1652. Schomberg, comte Henri de, -1632. Ornano, Jean Baptiste d', comte de
Montlaur, (? t -1626.
1622. Bassompierre, Francois de, 1579-1646. 1630. Toiras, Jean de Caylard de Saint-Bonnet,.
1585-1636. Damville, Henri de Montmorency, comte de,
1595-1632.
- Where there is a blank I have been unable to
ascertain the year of creation.
