12 5. II. Nov. 4, 1916.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
379
ENGLISH PILGRIMAGES : SANTIAGO DE
COMPOSTELA (12 S. i. 275 ; and sub ' Sir John
Schorne,' ibid., 396, 455). The late Richard
Patrick Boyle Davey, in ' The Tower of
London ' (abridged edition, 1914), at p. 85,
writes that the Constable of the Tower of
London, " in King Edward II. 's reign at
least,"
" was entitled to levy a tax of twopence on each person passing by the Thames on pilgrimage to or from the shrine of St. James of Compo- stella."
JOHN B. WAINEWBIGHT.
FOLK-LORE: RED HAIR (12 S. ii. 128, 196, 239). Hereabout a deep-rooted popular belief is that red-haired people are the issue of lepers. KUMAGUSU MINAKATA.
Tanabe, Kii, Japan.
"TEFAL" (12 S. ii. 309). May I suggest that the yard may have been used for " teazles " ? They were required for woollen manufacture. The / in this case would be a long s. SUSANNA CORNER.
Lenton Hall, Nottingham.
on 5Cooks,
The Institution of the Archpriest Blackwell. By
John Hungerford Pollen, S.J. (Longmans &
Co., 5s. net.)
THERE are dry books against which the mind of every reader worth the name naturally and justly revolts. And there are also books which, in virtue of their very dryness, possess a peculiar attractiveness. We would place among these latter this careful and scrupulously well-balanced study of an instructive and rather curious episode in English Catholic history. The story extends from 1595 to 1602 ; its interest lies not so much in the characters or events concerned as in the attempted solution of a problem the problem as to what should be the form of Church government for those English who, the breach between Eliza- beth and the Papacy being now complete, ad- hered to the Roman communion. It was affected by several intricate political complications. Henry IV. of France, about the beginning of our period, was relieved from excommunication little to the satisfaction of Spain, but to his own considerable advantage in the way of influence and adherents. France and Spain thereupon became rivals throughout the Catholic world ; and Henry IV., as a punishment for alleged in- triguing with Spain against him, banished the .Ti -suits out of France. The cause of the Jesuits became in a manner identified with Spain. But (li- .Ji-suits were the chief and most active agents in the Roman mission for the retrieval of England. There grew up in. England a party which looked rather to France than to Spain for support, and was inclined to be less intransigent towards Elizabeth's government, and even in some degree hopeful of modifying the persecution. After the di-.-ith of Cardinal Allen it was decided to institute an Archpriest as head of the clergy in England.
For this office Blackwell was chosen, a man of"
promising qualities who yet proved a rath<-r
dismal failure. An opposition formed itself
against him. and the two parties ranged themselves
on the political lines, Blackwell with the Jesuits
and Spain, the Appellants against him with
France. There was much pamphleteering of a
far from edifying character, and the case was at-
length taken to Rome, where Henry IV. 's am-
bassador actively assisted the Appellants. Ifc
will be seen that Clement VIII. had a delicate-
task to perform the more delicate because he-
had hopes both from France and England which
it would be easy to prejudice by imprudent zeal..
The episode had no appreciable consequences :
it is interesting, as Father Pollen points out in the-
Introduction, chiefly as a question of Church
government. And here comes in our main criti-
cism of this scholarly and attractive study. That
reference to general principles, that tracing of
the improvement or necessary modifications in.
government and of the course of constitutional de-
velopment, that explication of the mistakes made on
either-side, which are promised in the Introduction,
are by no means effectively worked out in the body-
of the text. It is clear that Blackwell's Archi-
presbyterate turned out ill ; but it is not clear,,
upon the showing of this book, whether we are to
consider that it was the scheme itself, or the
disposition and conduct of the priests to whom ifc
was applied, which caused the failure. There is
almost no discussion of the matter from the-
practical and constitutional point of view.
THE new Quarterly Review will have been ex- pected with some eagerness by many readers for- the sake of the continuation of Mr. J. M. de Beaufort's ' Voyage of Discovery in Germany.'" The second part is more picturesque and no less enlightening than the first, giving some amusing anecdotes of German sailors and naval officers encountered by the writer, a deeply interesting and vivid description of the German fleet seen riding- at its anchorages, and* again a description of manoeuvres in the Kiel Canal the whole illus- trated by three most instructive maps. Of papers more or less literary there are three. The first is on ' The New Poetry,' by Mr. Arthur Waugh ttie- best, we think, of his recent essays in criticism. He does not, indeed, quite eliminate the petitio principii which commonly lurks in reasoning about the relation of poetry to " beauty," but he puts his finger with exactness on the intellectual weaknesses of the " new poetry " ; and though we do not imagine that, upon first reading him, the " new poets " will feel anything but indignation, we should be surprised if, in five years' time or so, the more solidly gifted among them had not advanced more or less into his point of view. The second' of these papers is Mr. Algernon Cecil's study of Disraeli in ' The Middle Phase ' a clever per- formance. Perhaps the strain of purely literary ability the special imaginative quality of a competent writer of fiction is not given its full value in the attempt at interpreting the ever- fascinating problem of Disraeli's character. This faculty since Disraeli, as we are never allowed to forget, was isolated by race was not without the internal detachment requisite for coming into play within his own mind and judgment even when it was not externally exercised. ' Mrs. Hughes of Uffington ' the third is an unsigned paper, written round the notices of that lady which occur
