12 s. VIL NOV. 6, 1920.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
377
Remembering that the first two letters
of the surname were adopted for use with the
New Standard 1697-1720 the letters cannot
IDO RC (perhaps possible if Welch !), but if
they are RO then Chaffers 's ' Gilda Auri-
faborum ' make the following possible for
1697-8 :
Hugh Roberts, Newgate Street. Ann Roman, Water -lane. Alex. Roode, Cannon Street. Phil. Rolles, Strand. Phil. Roker, Sherborne-lane. Ann Roman has some mark above the letters within the ? shield, Alex. Roode .above and below. A. G. KEALJT.
Chaplain, Royal Navy, retd. Anglesey Road, Gosport.
The initials R.O. beneath a dog couchant, and all enclosed in a shield, was the mark of Alexander Roode of Cannon Street, London, in 1697.
WILLIAM GILBERT. F.R.N.S.
GRAMMAR OF STAGE DIRECTIONS (12 S. vii. p. 109). I should not like to say too -dogmatically why " Enter Hamlet " isiound in stage directions of printed plays. To me the words appear to be those of command. From time immemorial producers and stage managers during the rehearsal of a play 'have stood with back to the empty audi- torium and from that position they have directed the actors' movements viva voce. During rehearsals the performers stand
- alert behind the scenes, often quite out of
sight of the stage manager, so that when the moment arrives that a character is wanted by the man in control, he calls out his orders thus "Enter Hamlet," the actor ^at once hears, obeys, and appears in his position. For his exit he can better judge for himself, so whether his part says " Exit Hamlet " in the imperative, or "Hamlet goes off " matters but little to him as he is in a position to judge for himself. I have Teferred to several French plays and there find " Entre Hamlet " meaning imperatively "Come on, Hamlet!" not "Hamlet entre " which is "Hamlet comes on." Of course all early play books were merely manuscripts containing the text to be spoken, with the stage manager's instructions added for the guidance of future producers, they were not meant for reading by students. When printed they were not properly edited or they should have been slightly changed for "the lay reader to peruse. Therefore while T think that "Enter Hamlet " is right in
a stage copy, this technical direction
should be changed when the book is printed
to be read by non-theatrical persons, who
do not know or care about the stage
manager's notes, made and used by him
for the production and reproduction of the
text as an acting drama.
ARTHUR SHIRLEY. Lyceum Theatre, Strand, W.C.
QUARR ABBEY : FOUNDATION CHARTER (12 S. vii. 332) The list of witnesses to this Charter is given at the end of the text of the Charter in vol v. p. 316 of the new edition (1846) of Dugdale's 'Monasticon Anglicanum.' Here it is textually :
"Testibus hiis, Henrico de Am., Willielmo de Morevill, Gaufrido de Insnla, Willielmo filio Ston, Willielmo filio Radulfi, Olivero Avenell, Roberto de Curcy, Roberto Trencard, Pagano Capellano, Willielmo capellano, magistro Thoma, Gaufrido de sancto Beneficio, Willielmo filio Scone, Willielmo filio Veri, Reginaldo de Viaria."
Grindelwald. W ' A ' R C '
DR. WHITEHEAD is not quite correct in saying that Quarr Abbey was one of the earliest settlements of Cistercians in England. I know T. W. Shore in a 'A History of Hampshire ' says it was so. Quarr Abbey was a house of the Order of Savigny in Normandy, and was colonized from Savigny. But the Savigniac houses in England, of which Furness Abbey was the chief, were not surrendered to the Cistercian Order until 1147. Furness disputed with Waverley for the position of the first Cistercian Abbey founded in England, on the ground that it had been founded at least two years earlier. But Furness did not enter the Cistercian Order until September 1147. and the question was finally settled in favour of Waverley in 1232. H. P. HART.
The Vicarage, Ixworth, Bury St. Edmunds.
CRYSTAL PALACE BAZAAR (12 S. vii. 309). This building continued in use as a bazaar later than the seventies as mentioned by your correspondent. I went there as a child several times, certainly as late as 1886 and possibly later. One great attraction which I remember very clearly was a con- fectioner with a stove who made barley sugar (query why "barley"?) and other sweets which were for sale. As far as I remember it was a long oval building with small stalls or booths all round, and the confectioner and other stalls in the centre. It always appeared to be full of people, largely children, but whether these were
