,ake
8. I. MAR. 26, '98.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
245
cen from a carefully selected impression of
Eogarth's original print (see notice at back
)f p. 9), and if you cut a slip of paper
ma divide the drummer's face slantingly
ji halves, I think you will observe that the
tide nearest the wife is convulsed with grief,
whereas the other, or off-side, is beaming with
joy. The wife looks a bit of a termagant,
and the boy is not one / should like to own.
The sad but resolute face of the little flute- player in regimentals is in pleasant contrast with the " phiz " of the clinging urchin. The old drummer, in keeping with his dual expression of countenance, seems to lag behind with one leg, whilst he steps nimbly forward with the other. In passing, the curious regimental headgear reminds one forcibly of that now worn by the Russian Pavloffsky Guards. Dickens may possibly have taken a hint from this Janus-faced drummer in describing the double aspect of the American land agent Zephaniah Scadder (' Martin Chuzzlewit,' ch. xxi.), when young Martin and Mark Tapley issued from his office after concluding their ill-advised
"Mark looked back several times as they went
down the road towards the National Hotel, but now
[Scadder's] blighted profile was towards them, and
nothing but attentive thoughtfulness was written
on it. Strangely different to the other side ! He was
not a man much given to laughing, and never
laughed outright ; but every line in the print of the
crow's foot, and every little wiry vein in that divi-
sion of his head, was wrinkled up into a grin ! The
compound figure of Death and the Lady at the top
of the old ballad was not divided with a greater
nicety, and hadn't halves more monstrously unlike
each other, than the two profiles of Z. Scadder."
H. E. M.
St. Petersburg.
RESTORATION OF HERALDRY. MR. PICKFORD, in his note in 8 th S. xii. 406, says as to the tomb of Margaret, Countess of Richmond, at West- minster Abbey (south aisle of Henry VII.'s chapel), that " the heraldry on the sides of the tomb was much effaced, and might with benefit be restored." I have paid several visits to this tomb since I read the above, and I have not been able to find out the " efface- ment." In fact the heraldry, to my unprac- tised eye, seems as clear now as ever, though the gilding is tarnished with time. MR. PICKFORD is probably aware that engravings of this tomb are given in 'Decorative Heraldry,' by G. W. Eve (London, George Bell, 1897), p. 196. The countess is there called " Duchess." In this work there is no suggestion of " re- storation." How much would MR. PICKFORD have done 1 Are the shields only to be regilt ; or is the figure also to be "restored" to what
a workman of the present day imagines it was
nearly four hundred years ago ? Then, when
this grand old tomb nas been made new, will
not all those around look shabby ?
It is interesting to discuss the question, though there appears to me as little chance of the Dean and Chapter doing this (un- desirable) restoration as there is of their stopping the continual chocking up of the abbey with new tombs, busts, and hideous tablets, or of ceasing to exclude the light of the church, always too dark, with brand-new stained - glass windows. Blocking out the light has quite spoiled the Chapter-house.
I regret to see that the " Collegiate Church of St. Saviour, Southwark," is being made perfectly dark, more like a crypt than a church, with stained-glass windows ; not even the clearstory is to be free. It will soon be as tomblike as St. Mary Abbott's, Kensington. How like are churches to men, who will spend money in finery and not know where the next penny is to come from for solid necessaries. St. Saviour's only wants some 20,000. for necessary repairs, and yet money is being spent to the disadvantage of this very beautiful church in stained-glass windows. RALPH THOMAS.
DERIVATION OF "SETTLE." An amusing in- stance of irresponsible derivation is given in the ' Dictionary of Architecture,' published under the auspices of the Architectural Publication Society, under the head of * Settle,' which is stated to be "perhaps derived from * seat-all- people.' Ex. temp. Henry VIII., at the 'Green Dragon' public -house, Combe St. Nicholas, Somersetshire " ; and settee, which Prof. Skeat calls " an arbitrary variation of settle," is defined to be a stone bench, the word being actually derived from the Anglo- Saxon setl, a seat. JOHN HEBB.
2, Canonbury Mansions, N.
CHELTENHAM. (See ante, p. 200.) Mr. Searle, in his 'Onomasticon Anglo-Saxoni-
dative of Celtan horn) contains the unique A.-S.
personal name Celta. Now ham in modern
names usually comes from one of two A.-S.
words. The first is ham (gen. hdmes), which
means a home, and is usually preceded by
the personal name of the owner; the other
is ham or horn (gen. harnmes), which means
" an enclosure," generally near water, and is
usually preceded by the name of a river or
of vegetation, but seldom or never by a per-
sonal name. Thus from the first we have
Clapham, A.-S. Cloppahdm, "the home of
Cloppa," and Cobham, A.-S. Ceobbahdm, "the
home of Ceobba " ; while from the second we
