476
NOTES AND QUERIES. [9 th s. XL JUNE is, im
DUNCALFE (9 th S. xi. 289, 392). The latter
part of the article referred to at 8 th S. viii.
212 was written by me, and mentions Dun-
calfe as the name of an ancient family
now extinct, but for many generations resi-
dent at Fox wist, " a moated grange " in the
parish of Prestbury, co. Chester (see the
'Ancient Parish of Prestbury,' by Frank
Kenaud, M.D.). My impression is that it is
a Cheshire name, and can now be found in
that county. JOHN PICKFORD, M.A.
SHAKESPEARE'S SHYLOCK (9 th S. xi 266). Steevens, in a note to 'The Merchant of Venice,' has the following: " Gregorio Leti, in his life of Sixtus V., translated by Ellis Farneworth, 1754, has likewise this kind of story." Then the story which your corre- spondent tells is related, but at much greater length. This " pound of flesh " story is much older than the time of Sixtus V.; for it is in the ' Pecorone ' and in the ; Gesta Romanorum.' E. YARDLEY.
LANCELOT SHARPE, SIR R PHILLIPS, AND S. T. COLERIDGE (9 th S. xi. 341, 381, 434). Bonus dormitat Homerus. There must be some mistake in the anecdote concerning Coleridge recorded at the last reference as regards the date of the occurrence, which must have taken place many years earlier. At the cottage of Clevedon, near Bristol, where Coleridge resided towards the end of the eighteenth century, three children were born to him : Hartley in 1796, Derwent in 1800, Sara in 1803. This record points at least to a circumstance thirty years later, though unaffecting the amusing nature of the story. JOHN PICKFORD, M.A.
" DIFFERENT THAN" (9 th S. x. 128, 192, 275, 391). As " different to " is mentioned, I may observe that the only celebrated writer who, to my knowledge, has used the expression is Thackeray. I dare say, however, that others have done so, though it is generally avoided by good \vriters. 1 have no modern English dictionary. Perhaps Dr. Murray has not quoted the following sentence : " This is a very different manner of welcome to that of our own day" (Thackeray, 'English Humourists : Congreve '). E. YARDLEY.
[Examples of "different to" are cited in the 4 H.E.D.,' including one from Thackeray's 'Esmond.']
CARBONARI (9 th S. xi. 349). The book to which MR. E. E. STREET, F.S.A., probably refers no doubt he has seen it, though, maybe, he cannot on the moment recall it to mind was published in 1821 by John Murray, of Albemarle Street, under the title of l Memoirs of the Secret Societies of the
South of Italy, particularly the Carbonari,
translated from the Original MS.' The work
which I name the only one, I believe, ever
printed in English containing the exact
information sought by MR. STREET contains,
in addition to detailed particulars as to
initiation, oaths, threats of punishment to
traitors, and so on, information regarding
the various lodges central, branch, or rival
societies. In the book are also many illus-
trations, portraits, gatherings of members,
copies of certificates, which, though printed
by Hullmandel, do but slight credit to the
litho-artist, the litho-printer, or the paper-
maker. As the " edition " of the work would
assuredly be small perhaps about four hun-
dred "published by subscription," I doubt
if MR. STREET would be able to procure a
copy, either by loan or purchase. However,
should he have any special reason for seeking
actual information as to the " Freemasonlike "
rules of initiation, I would not mind, on
receipt of a private letter, writing out and
sending him (gratuitously) one or two extracts,
let us say, of the inaugural rites of the two
Frincipal centres, Rome and Naples. Al though was not, when a young boy, very hopeful as regarded Italian freedom, yet when such heroes as Charles Albert, Lord Byron, the two Princes Louis Napoleon without referring to more than one brave Englishman threw in their lot with the " Charcoal-charrers," one could not but sympathize. I would like to add, before concluding, that, in addition to the book which I have already named, I have to hand a small amount of printed information probably not always vero concerning the history and habits of the brave enthusiasts who created " United Italy," which information (for all it is worth) I should be always glad to place at the service of Italian sympathizers. In 1859 J.F. Smith, the once-renowned novelist of the " Demo- cracy," contributed a serial story to Cassell's Illustrated Family Paper, entitled ' Minnie Moyne ; or, Broken at Last,' wherein may be found a few clever sketches of the sayings and doings of the early Carbonari days. Had not Prince Charles Louis Napoleon (after- wards Napoleon III.) " taken the oath," when a boy, as a brother of the Carbonari, Europe would, perhaps, never have seen a united kingdom of Italy. HERBERT B. CLAYTON. 39, Renfrew Road, Lower Kennington Lane.
The code of (Jarbonarism is found most fully in ' The Memoirs of the Secret Societies of the South of Italy, particularly the Car- bonari' (London, 1821), a work translated from the original French MS., the production of Baron Bertholdy, a converted Jew. See
