9 th S. III.
APRIL 22, mi NOTES AND QUERIES.
313
J iws in Borne to wear a distinctive vesture,
v hich perhaps indicates that the wearing of
o le had dropped into abeyance during the
e die of the Popes at Avignon and the schism
\\hich followed. The "distinction" thus
d 3creed was not to be the old yellow round,
b it the reddish mantle. Paul II. (Bar bo),
l- : 64, approved of the exemption of Jewish
doctors from wearing this mantle, which
shows that it still prevailed. By this time
the belief in the Israelite as a physician had
become well rooted at Rome, and the health
of the reigning Pontiff was usually confided
to the care of Jacob or Simon. In 1504 there
is a specially interesting deed of Julius II.
exempting his doctor Samuel, his wife, chil-
dren, and servants from wearing the "dis-
tinction "both in Rome and wheresoever they
might travel outside it. I may mention here
that at Tivoli also there had been a synagogue
since 1338. The succeeding Pontiffs, Leo X.,
Clement VII., and Paul III. (Farnese), seem
to have placed great reliance upon their
Hebrew physicians, who enjoyed great privi-
leges and exemptions until the Pontificate
of the Neapolitan Caraffa.
Nevertheless, according to Antonio Frizzi ('Memorie di Ferrara,' t. ix. p. 168), Ercole, ,Duke of Ferrara in 1496, owing to a great jinliux of Spanish Jews at Ferrara, reverted jto the original round badge sewn upon the ibreast.* However, this, even if true, occurs !a long way from Rome.
Then we come to Paul IV., 1555, and his especial badges, described in rny last commu- jnication. Immediately after the death of [this Pontiff we find Pius IV. permitting the Jews to wear red berrette again, upon 'payment of ten scudi apiece. His severe uccessor, Pius V., however, revoked this rivilege. The tendency to revert to the ed colour, and get rid of the yellow again uposed, is shown by the fact that in 1636 yellow berretta had become a reddish ap, and the Cardinal of S. Onofrio under Jrban VIII. (Barberini) ordered a peremp- ory return to yellow. "The Jews," writes jigli, "now wore merely a piece of red ilk on their heads, so that they resembled ardinals."
In the spectacles arranged in February, 1709, n honour of Casimira, Queen of Poland, the sh vendors contributed a car to the proces- ion, on which were burlesqued all the cere- aonies observed by the Jews at the burial of
- This badge had originally been obligatory in
Christian provinces, and not only in Toledo
nd Rome. In France it would appear to have
'ecome blue under Louis IX., and was called
ouelle.
their dead. The offended Israelites com-
plained bitterly to the Holy Office and the
Cardinal-Vicar, and the exhibition was pro-
hibited in future ; but it so happened that
Alexander, the son of the queen, greatly
desired to have a private view of it. In
consequence, it was shown all over again the
same evening in the garden of the Palazzino
of the Zuccari, on Trinita di Monti,* before
an immense concourse of guests.
The following may be worth quoting in reference to the thirteenth - century enact- ment :
" Statuimus ut tales utriusque sexus, in omni Christianorum provincia, et orrmi tempore qualitate habitus publice ab aliis populis distinguantur, cum etiam per Mosen hoc insum legatur eis injunctum." 'Corp. Juris Canon., c. 18 x., De Usuris.
ST. CLAIK BADDELEY.
DOUBTFUL GRAMMAR IN THE A.V. AND IN THE PRAYER BOOK (9 th S. ii. 305, 431). MR. SWEETING is mistaken in supposing that Numbers xxii. 15 presents a specimen of bad grammar. There, as in innumerable instances of the same kind, the substantive verb is understood thus : " And Balak sent yet again princes more and more honourable than they [were]." I cannot see why Lowth should have thought the grammar doubtful in the passage :
Nor hope to be myself less miserable By what I seek, but others to make such As I.
This case is similar to the former. "Am" is understood " As I [am]." Really, gram- matical exercises of such extreme simplicity are more suitable for children in the third standard of a board school than for the readers of 'N. & Q.' R. M. SPENCE, D.D. Manse of Arbuthnott, N.B.
BEDFONT, MIDDLESEX (9 th S. iii. 148). By 'The Parish Register Abstract,' 1831, the church registers of baptisms and marriages commenced in 1695, and were perfect to 1812; but the burials on record were from 1678. The registers, therefore, from 1538 have been missing for many years.
EVERARD HOME COLEMAN. 71, Brecknock Road.
TERMINATION "-INGTON" (9 th S. iii. 208). The town of the descendants of some settler or owner is the meaning of this generally. If MR. FOSTER will refer to ' N. & Q.,' 7 th 8.
' Between the Via Sistina and Via Gregoriana, so
familiar to English travellers to-day.
