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POLITICAL HISTORY OF PARTHIA

Orodes and Mithradates,^[1] who immediately began a lengthy and bitter quarrel over the kingdom.

Numismatic evidence appears to support the claims of earlier historians that the elder brother, Mithradates III, succeeded to the throne upon the murder of his father.^[2] Mithradates, whose chief center of power was in Iran,^[3] made himself so objectionable that he was expelled by the nobles,^[4] who installed Orodes as ruler. Compelled to flee, Mithradates took

↑ Dio Cass. xxxix. 56. The name Orodes is more properly spelled Hyrodes; its forms are as follows: cuneiform, Strassmaier in ZA, III (1888), 147, No. 9, line 3, Ú-ru-da-a; coins, Wroth, Parthia, p. 96, ΥΡΩΔΟΣ; Plut. Crassus 21 and Polyaenus Strat. vii. 41, 'Υρωδης; Appian Syr. 51 and Dio Cass. xl. 12, Ὀρωδης. Justin xlii. 4. 2, Vell. Pat. ii. 46, Pliny Hist. nat. vi. 47, Ampelius 31, and Eutrop. Brev. vi. 18 all use Orodes; Orosius vi. 13. 2, Horodes.
↑ Justin xliii. 4. 1; cf. Dio Cass. xxxix. 56, who apparently makes Orodes the first to attain the throne, and assigns Media to Mithradates. But Dio is only sketching Parthian affairs and may not refer to the succession. See Rawlinson, Sixth Mon., p. 147 and notes. Gutschmid, Geschichte Irans, p. 86 and n. 2, corrects Justin to support Dio; but on the numismatic evidence see McDowell, Coins from Seleucia, p. 212, and Newell "Coinage of the Parthians," in Survey of Persian Art (in press). The coins assigned by Wroth, Parthia, pp. 56–60, to an "unknown king" (about the time of Phraates III or Mithradates III) are given to Mithradates III by Gutschmid, Geschichte Irans, p. 86, n. 1; Allotte de la Fuÿe, "Nouveau classement des monnaies arsacides," Rev num., 1904, pp. 349 f.; Petrowicz, Arsaciden-Münzen, pp. 52–55; J. de Morgan, Num. de la Perse antique. Fasc. 1. Introduction.—Arsacides (Babelon, Traité des monnaies gr. et rom. III. Monnaies or. I1), pp. 261–64, Nos. 95–105; and Newell, op. cit.
↑ Dio Cass. xxxix. 56; McDowell, Coins from Seleucia, pp. 214 f.
↑ Justin xlii. 4. 1.

[1] Dio Cass. xxxix. 56. The name Orodes is more properly spelled Hyrodes; its forms are as follows: cuneiform, Strassmaier in ZA, III (1888), 147, No. 9, line 3, Ú-ru-da-a; coins, Wroth, Parthia, p. 96, ΥΡΩΔΟΣ; Plut. Crassus 21 and Polyaenus Strat. vii. 41, 'Υρωδης; Appian Syr. 51 and Dio Cass. xl. 12, Ὀρωδης. Justin xlii. 4. 2, Vell. Pat. ii. 46, Pliny Hist. nat. vi. 47, Ampelius 31, and Eutrop. Brev. vi. 18 all use Orodes; Orosius vi. 13. 2, Horodes.

[2] Justin xliii. 4. 1; cf. Dio Cass. xxxix. 56, who apparently makes Orodes the first to attain the throne, and assigns Media to Mithradates. But Dio is only sketching Parthian affairs and may not refer to the succession. See Rawlinson, Sixth Mon., p. 147 and notes. Gutschmid, Geschichte Irans, p. 86 and n. 2, corrects Justin to support Dio; but on the numismatic evidence see McDowell, Coins from Seleucia, p. 212, and Newell "Coinage of the Parthians," in Survey of Persian Art (in press). The coins assigned by Wroth, Parthia, pp. 56–60, to an "unknown king" (about the time of Phraates III or Mithradates III) are given to Mithradates III by Gutschmid, Geschichte Irans, p. 86, n. 1; Allotte de la Fuÿe, "Nouveau classement des monnaies arsacides," Rev num., 1904, pp. 349 f.; Petrowicz, Arsaciden-Münzen, pp. 52–55; J. de Morgan, Num. de la Perse antique. Fasc. 1. Introduction.—Arsacides (Babelon, Traité des monnaies gr. et rom. III. Monnaies or. I1), pp. 261–64, Nos. 95–105; and Newell, op. cit.

[3] Dio Cass. xxxix. 56; McDowell, Coins from Seleucia, pp. 214 f.

[4] Justin xlii. 4. 1.

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