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TRAJAN IN ARMENIA AND MESOPOTAMIA
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impossible because of low water, for Trajan arrived in the late fall.[1] Eventually machines were constructed and the boats were hauled to the other river. Ctesiphon fell without resistance. There is no mention of Seleucia, which perhaps was in the possession of Pacorus, for coins of his for 115/16 have been reported there.[2] If Pacorus had sought Roman support to regain his power, there would have been no occasion for the Romans to storm Seleucia. The daughter of Osroes and his famous golden throne were among the spoils taken at Ctesiphon, but the great king himself had fled when Trajan entered the city.[3] Here he was hailed "Imperator," and on February 20, 116, the Senate confirmed his title of "Parthicus."[4] A tribute was imposed on the newly conquered territory.[5] Coins issued about this time bear the legend PARTHIA CAPTA.[6]

  1. The summer would have been spent in the Adiabene campaign, and the late fall and winter left for the attack on lower Mesopotamia, since the latter country is nearly impossible for summer campaigning. The fresh oysters sent to Trajan when he was many days from the sea (Athen. Deip. i. 7. d) probably went to Mesopotamia.
  2. McDowell, Coins from Seleucia, pp. 193 and 232. Newell in AJA, XLI (1937), 515 f., questions the attribution of these coins to Pacorus.
  3. Spart. Hadrian 13. 8; Capit. Antoninus Pius 9. 7. I am unable to locate the source for the statement found in Rawlinson, Sixth Mon., p. 312, n. 2, and McDowell, Coins from Seleucia, pp. 230, n. 63, and 232 f., that Osroes fled to Susa and was captured there by the Romans.
  4. Dio Cass. lxviii. 28. For the date see G. Calza in R. Accademia dei Lincei, Notizie degli scavi di antichità, X (1934), 254–56.
  5. Spart. Hadrian 21. 12.
  6. Mattingly and Sydenham, Rom. Imp. Coin., II, 267, Nos. 324 f., and Pl. IX 149; Strack, Untersuch. zur röm. Reichsprägung, I, 224.