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POLITICAL HISTORY OF PARTHIA

sonally to the eastern frontier, where he managed to settle difficulties which threatened to break out into actual hostilities.[1] Perhaps these were connected with the struggle for power between Osroes and Vologases II, which was almost continuous from the time of the Roman withdrawal under Trajan. Vologases gradually was able to overcome his opponent, who struck no more coins after 128/29.[2] During that year Hadrian returned to Osroes his daughter, who had been captured when Trajan took Ctesiphon, and in addition promised to restore the golden throne.[3] In the years 131–32 another revolt of the Jews was simmering, and there is just a suggestion that the Parthians may have been expected to lend them assistance.[4]

Vologases, who as we have seen had received a part of Armenia at the time of Trajan's invasion and whose headquarters were probably in northwestern Iran, came into conflict with the Alani about 136.[5]


  1. Spart. Hadrian 12. 8.
  2. McDowell, Coins from Seleucia, p. 195.
  3. Spart. Hadrian 13. 8; Dürr, Die Reisen des Kaisers Hadrian, pp. 61 f.; Gutschmid, Geschichte Irans, p. 146.
  4. Dio Cass. lxix. 13. 1 f.
  5. Gutschmid, Geschichte Irans, p. 146. Note that there was no coinage struck in the Seleucia mint during 134–36; see McDowell, Coins from Seleucia, p. 195.