Nautilus macromphalus is the species of nautilus characteristic of the New Caledonian Archipelago, which comprises the islands of New Caledonia, the Isle of Pines, and the Loyalty Group. I took up my residence on the shores of Sandal Bay, Lifu, in August, 189b. Having collected a number of Nautilus, I placed them in captivity in a large native fish-trap, specially fitted up, fed them twice or three times a week with fish, land-crabs, Palinurus, and Scyllarus, and on December 5,1896, commenced to obtain the fertilised ova.
It is not necessary at present to describe the details of manipulation, and I therefore proceed at once to give a brief account of the more obvious features of the eggs as illustrated by the accompanying figures. The eggs are laid singly and at night, in concealed situations, and are firmly attached by a sponge-like reticulate area of attachment; placed towards their hinder inflated extremity, usually on one face of the egg-case, but sometimes quite posteriorly, to a suitable surface. I supplied the latter to the Nautilus by fixing pieces of old sacking to the walls of the fish-basket, leaving loose, overhanging folds, beneath which the eggs could be well concealed. The fibres of the sacking were deftly employed by the Nautilus in cementing their eggs.
The ovum is enclosed within a double casing, an inner closed capsule, and an outer capsule more or less freely open in front. The material of which the capsules consist is of a bright milk-white colour, and of firm cartilaginoid consistency. The capsules do not collapse, but retain their shape when allowed to dry. Por convenience of description, the exposed surface of the egg may be spoken of as the dorsal or upper side, while the attached side may be referred to as the lower or ventral side. The outer capsule is separate from the inner capsule below and for about two-thirds of the upper side, but is fused with it in the postero-dorsal region. Where the two capsules are fused together the covering of the ovum is much thickened.
The egg with outer covering complete is of remarkably large size, attaining a length of 45 mm., everything included, with a width of 16 mm., and a maximum height of 16‘25 mm. The length and the width are fairly constant in normally shaped eggs, but the height varies somewhat, some eggs being a good deal flatter than others.
