§ 324. v usually represents O.Ir. medial or final b or m which originally stood before e, i, e.g. α:veʃ, ‘ocean’, M.Ir. aibís; i:v, ‘appearance, countenance’, O.Ir. óiph; i:viN′, ‘pleasant’, M.Ir. óibind; Lïv, ‘weed’, O.Ir. luib; seivir′, ‘rich’, M.Ir. saidbir; ʃel′əv, ‘possession’, M.Ir. seilb (dat.); tαvʃə, ‘ghost’, O.Ir. taidbse. α̃vr′əi, ə Nα̃vr′əi, ‘tangled’, Meyer amréid, α̃vr′əit′αχ, ‘contrary, cross-tempered’; dα̃:v, ‘affection, fondness’, from the oblique cases of M.Ir. dám; d′ẽvəs, ‘shears’, M.Ir. demess; kï̃viαχ, ‘strange, foreign’, M.Ir. comaithchech; kïvl′iN′, ‘emulate, emulation’, M.Ir. comleng; kï̃vn′αχ, ‘mindful’, O.Ir. cumnech; kïvr′əN, ‘field for planting’; krα̃:v, ‘bone’, O.Ir. cnáim; Nαvd′ə, ‘enemies’, O.Ir. naimtea (acc.); N′ï̃v, ‘poison’, M.Ir. neim; rï̃və, ‘before’, M.Ir. remi.
αvαrαχ, ‘airy, light’, is obscure. It is pronounced the same as Di. aithbhearach, ‘blaming, censorious’.
§ 325. The aspiration of initial b′, m′ is v. In the case of m′ the vowel is usually not nasalised, unless it is followed by an n or m sound or by h, ç, (§ 172). Examples – mə vαn, ‘my wife’; α vαrαd, ‘his cap’; ɛg′ ə vα:rNỹ:, ‘at the gap’; vαNə m′ə, ‘I greeted’; b′iN′ vïg, ‘a small gable’.
v is also the eclipsed form of f′, e.g. Nỹ: vi:dɔr′i:, ‘9 weavers’; ə vɛk′iN′, ‘if I were to see.’ Medially in en′əvïs, ‘ignorance’, M.Ir. anfiss.
§ 326. In the inflected forms of several words containing o:, u we find v arising after the analogy of go:, ‘smith’, plur. gïvn′ə; o:N′, ‘river’, plur. ɛvN′αχə); dUw̥, ‘black’, gen. sing. dïv. Such are bïvr′ə, compar. of bo:r, ‘deaf’, M.Ir. bodar; krïv, gen. sing. of krUw̥, ‘dowry’; iN′e:i ə Lα: əN′ï̃v, ‘after to-day’, which contains a genitive formed from əN′Uw̥; ïv, ‘egg’, is a new nominative to a stem *uw- < M.Ir. nom. plur. ugai. The word is always fem. in Donegal and the palatalisation of the gen. and dat. sing. has been introduced into the nom. as is commonly the case with feminines, cp. mwĩ:v, ‘to begrudge’, O.Ir. móidem, gen. sing. móidme. ər′ĩ:v, a by-form of er′iuw, ‘ever’, may have been influenced by ərï̃və, ‘before’, as the two are frequently used together in the phrase ər′iuw ərï̃və.
In ʃevt′uw, ‘to shift for oneself’, Di. seibhtiughadh, the v is peculiar, as the word comes from the English.
§ 327. Post-consonantic mh, bh disappear in α:r′i:m, ‘I reckon’, O.Ir. áirmiu, but α:r′i:m strictly speaking is a new formation from α:r′uw, which is used of counting sprats, kale &c.
