And whereas it is necessary to harmonise these conflicting interests while preserving the paramountcy of the democratic ideal;
Now, therefore, it is expedient to provide for furnishing certain information to citizens who desire to have it.
Be it enacted by Parliament in the Fifty-sixth Year of the Republic of India as follows:—
CHAPTER I
Preliminary
Short title, extent and commencement. 1. (1) This Act may be called the Right to Information Act, 2005.
(2) It extends to the whole of India except the State of Jammu and Kashmir.
(3) The provisions of sub-section (1) of section 4, sub-sections (1) and (2) of section 5, sections 12, 13, 15, 16, 24, 27 and 28 shall come into force at once, and the remaining provisions of this Act shall come into force on the one hundred and twentieth day of its enactment.
Definitions. 2. In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,—
- (a) “appropriate Government” means in relation to a public authority which is established, constituted, owned, controlled or substantially financed by funds provided directly or indirectly—
- (i) by the Central Government or the Union territory administration, the Central Government;
- (ii) by the State Government, the State Government;
- (b) “Central Information Commission” means the Central Information Commission constituted under sub-section (1) of section 12;
- (c) “Central Public Information Officer” means the Central Public Information Officer designated under sub-section (1) and includes a Central Assistant Public Information Officer designated as such under sub-section (2) of section 5;
- (d) “Chief Information Commissioner” and “Information Commissioner” mean the Chief Information Commissioner and Information Commissioner appointed under sub-section (3) of section 12;
- (e) “competent authority” means—
- (i) the Speaker in the case of the House of the People or the Legislative Assembly of a State or a Union territory having such Assembly and the Chairman in the case of the Council of States or Legislative Council of a State;
- (ii) the Chief Justice of India in the case of the Supreme Court;
- (iii) the Chief Justice of the High Court in the case of a High Court;
- (iv) the President or the Governor, as the case may be, in the case of other authorities established or constituted by or under the Constitution;
- (v) the administrator appointed under article 239 of the Constitution;
- (f) “information” means any material in any form, including records, documents, memos, e-mails, opinions, advices, press releases, circulars, orders, logbooks, contracts, reports, papers, samples, models, data material held in any electronic form and information relating to any private body which can be accessed by a public authority under any other law for the time being in force;
- (g) “prescribed” means prescribed by rules made under this Act by the appropriate Government or the competent authority, as the case may be;
- (h) “public authority” means any authority or body of institution of self-government established or constituted—
- (a) by or under the Constitution;
- (b) by any other law made by Parliament;
