Interrogative Pronouns.
As in Hindūstānī, the sound کk asks a question relative to rational beings; as که kih, "who?" and the corresponding soft sound asks a question relative to irrational beings; as چی chǐ, "what?" These, with other words have become absorbed or amalgamated in the form, make up the remaining interrogatives; e.g. کدام "which?" (of two), the d being a survival of دو dū, "two;" چگونه chigūna, "how?" (for چی chi, "what?" and گون gūn, "phase, colour, sort") and چون chūn, "how? like what?" (the گ having a tendency to disappear between two vowels); چند chand, "how many" (= چی chi, "what?" + اند and, "some") (of. اندک andak, "a little"), کی kai, "when" etc.
Reflexive Pronouns.
These are formed by adding the personal pronouns خود khud, "self," etc; as
من خود | man khud, | I myself. |
تو خود | tu khud, | Thou thyself, etc. |
The affixed forms may also be used with خود khud; as
در خانه خودم | dar khāna-i-kudham, | In my own house. |
From خودش khudash, "his-self," we get (Persian characters) kh'esh ("his own self, his-self") and (Persian characters) kh'eshtan, "himself." In the last the word تن signifies "body" or "person."
Examples of the Personal Pronouns.
The following examples ae useful as showing the various uses and combinations of the pronouns.
(Persian characters) | man ki fulān pier i fulānam, I, so-and-so, the son of so-and-so. |