504
UNITED STATES : — ALABAMA
schools). For superior and professional education there are various institu- tions, the most important (1919) being (for men and both sexes) : —
1831 1859 1872 1909 1880
Institutions
University of Alabama (State) Southern University, Greensboro' (M.E.So.) Alabama Poh technic Institute . . . . Woman's College of Alabama . . . . Tuskegee Normal & Industrial Inst. (Coloured)
Instructors
Students
125
1,860
12
103
80
930
27
282
200
1,736
Within the State are 48 benevolent institutions (hospitals, homes, orphanages, &c. ). On January 1, 1910, the number of paupers in alms- houses was 739, being 34 "6 per 100,000 of the population, and of prisoners in penal institutions, 3,687, being 172'4 per 100,000 of the population.
Finance. — The revenue is derived partly from occupation taxes, but mostly from taxes on property of all kinds, the assessment being made at 60 per cent, of the cash value for State and county purposes by the county assessors on the sworn statements of the taxpayers.
The receipts and disbursements in the year 1919, were : —
Balance in hand, Oct. 1, 1918 Receipts, 1918-19 .
Total, 1919 . Disbursements, 1919
Balance, Sept. 30, 1919 .
Dollars 273,052 12,686,004
12,959,056 12,702,744
256,312
The bonded debt of the State in 1919 amounted to 15,351,702 dollars. The assessed value of real property and of personal property in 1919 was 675,162,002 dollars.
According to the Council of the Corporation of Foreign Bondholders, Alabama has a defaulted debt estimated at 30,000,000 dollars, but the State denies any liability for such estimated indebtedness, having legally adjudi- cated all claims. The amount so claimed is made up of unauthorised charges, for which no lawful warrant ever existed.
Production and Industry- - Alabama is largely an agricultural State ; the number of farms in 1910 was 262,901 ; the farm area was 20,732,312acres, of which 9,693,581 acres were improved land ; the value of all farm property was 370,138,429 dollars. The chief crops are maize, 67.149,000 bushels in 1920; wheat, 653,000 bushels ; oats, 6,551,000 bushels ; potatoes, 3,216,000 bushels. Other crops are hay and vegetables. Tobacco, 1,500,000 pounds. Sugar is largely grown and manufactured. On January 1 , 1921, the live-stock comprised 158,000 horses, 322,000 mules, 507,000 milch cows, 791,000 other cattle, 123,000 sheep, and 1,861,000 swine. In 1918 the area Under cotton was 2,451,000 acres ; the yield was 820,000 balaa of cotton, valued at 110,700,000 dollars. The wool clip for 1919 yielded 405,000 pounds.
In 1910 there were 3,398 manufacturing establishments with capital amounting to 173,180,038 dollars, employing 72,148 wage-earners who earned 27,284,000 dollars, used raw material worth 83,448.000 dollars,
