940
GERMANY : — BADEN
The new Government (1921) is made up as follows : —
State President and Minister of Justice. — G. Trunk (Centre).
Minister of Social Affair's and Public Works. — A. Engler (Socialist).
Minister of the Interior. — A. Remmrtc (Socialist).
Minister of Finance. — H. Kbhler (Centre).
Minister of Education. — II. Hitmmel (Democrat).
For general administrative purposes there are 53 ' Amtsbezirke,' superin- tended by four general commissioners (Landes-Kommissare). For local government there are 11 circles (Kreise), and 1,590 communes (Gemeinden), 120 communal cities, and 1,472 parishes.
Area and Population:—
Area: Square miles
Population
Pop. per
1919 1910
square mile 1919
Konstanz Freiburg Karlsruhe . Mannheim .
1,610
1,830
993
1,386
337,962 325,924 557,871 564,580 631,681 610,784 680,989 641,545
209-9 304-9 636-1 498-5
Total .
5,819
2,208,503 2,142,833
379-5
Mannheim
. 229,576
Konstanz
30,119
Karlsruhe
. 135,952
Baden
25,444
Freiburg
. 87,946
Offenburg .
16,246
Pforzheim
. 73,839
Bruchsal
15,323
Heidelberg
. 60,831
Rastatt
12,222
Population in 1919, 1,051,405 males and 1,157,098 females.
Including a part of the Lake of Constance, area is 5,889 square miles.
Principal towns, 1919 : —
Lahr 13,650
LOrrach 14,623
Weinheim 14,537
Durlach 14,602
Villingen 12,438
Fop: movement of population, sec under Germany.
Religion and Instruction.— In 1910 there were 1, 271, 015 Catholics, 326,364 Protestants, 13,229 other Christian sects, 25,896 Jews, and 6,329 others.
All religious denominations enjoy equality and self-government, appoint ing their own clergy. The Protestant Church is governed by a synod, and its affairs are administered by a board (Oberkirchenrat). The Roman Catholic Church has an Archbishop (at Freiburg), whose 4 suffragans are outside Baden. The Catholic Foundations Council (Oberstiftungsrat) manages the property of the Catholic Church. The Jews, whose ecclesiastical affairs are managed by the ' Oberrat der Israelite]!,' have 15 rabbinates.
Instruction is general, free, and compulsory. Schools are under the authority of the State. Religious instruction, however, is provided by each denomination, but there is no compulsion to give or to receive religious instruction. Baden has 2 universities (Heidelberg and Freiburg), 1 technical high school ( Karlsruhe), 1 Academy of Arts (Karlsruhe), 1 com- mercial high school (Mannheim), 17 gymnasia, 50 Real schools, 12 high schools for girle, 12 training colleges for teachers, and a number of tech- nical and special schools.
