nature. A sort of pricking, piercing pain (is experienced in the affected locality) which loses all sensibility to the touch. The type known as Audumbara is coloured and shaped like a ripe or mature Audumbara fruit and has its origin in the deranged Pittam. The type called Rishyajihva is rough and resembles the tongue of a Rishya (Deer) in shape and colour. The type known as Kapala (Macula caerulae) resembles a black (deep blue) Kharpara ( baked clay ). The Kakanaka type is characterised by a dark red and black colour like the seed of the Gunja berry. A sort of sucking and burning pain is experienced in the affected locality in all the four preceding types of the disease which are the outcome of the deranged Pittam. The whole diseased surface seems as if burning with fire, and emitting hot fumes. They are speedy in their origin and rapidly suppurate and break. All these types soon become infested with parasites. These are the general features of these forms of Kushthas. 7.
Pundarika:—The patches resemble the petals of a (full blown) lotus flower in colour, and Dadru (Ringworm) assumes the colour (faint blue) of an Atasi flower, or of copper. They are spreading in their nature and are found to be overspread with pustules. Both the Dadru and Pundarika types are raised, circular, and characterised by itching and take a considerable time to be fully patent. These are the general characteristics of Dadru and Pundarika. 8.
Kshudra Kushthas:—We shall now describe (the features of the diseases known as) Kshudra-knshthas (M. Text):— The type known as Sthularushka appears about the joints. It is extremely thick at its base, is cured with the greatest difficulty, and is strewn over with hard pustules (Arungshi). In the type known
