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52 FABRE time of the emperor Claudius, when the temple was destroyed by fire. His son Numerius Fa- bius Pictor is mentioned by Cicero as an au- thor of Greek annals, but was possibly mista- ken for his nephew (a grandson of the painter), Quintus Fabius Pictor, the first prose writer of Rome, who served in the Gallic war, 225 B. 0., and in the second Punic war. He was the au- thor of a history of Rome from its foundation to his own time. Of this work, probably writ- ten in Greek, which was highly valued by later writers, no fragments remain. FIBRE, Francois Xavier Pascal, a French painter, born in Montpellier, April 1, 1766, died March 12, 183V. He was a pupil of Da- vid, and produced in 1787 a painting repre- senting the "Execution of the Children of Zedekiah by order of Nebuchadnezzar," for which he received the great prize of the acad- emy, and was sent as a pensionary to Rome. He was believed, though perhaps erroneously, to have been secretly married to the countess of Albany, who on her death in 1824 made him her sole heir, and bequeathed to him valu- able MSS. which had been left to her by Alfi- eri. Fabre gave them to the city of Florence. FIBRE, Jean, surnamed "the honest crimi- nal," a Protestant hero, born in Nimes in 1727, died in Cette, May 31, 1797. He was a manu- facturer and a member of the small Protestant community at Mmes. He and his coreligion- ists celebrated the new year of 1756 in a seclu- ded locality, where they were surprised by the soldiery, but he escaped. His father, however, having been arrested, Jean took his place as a prisoner in the galleys of Toulon, and was sub- jected to great hardships. His release in 1762, and his full pardon in 1768, were mainly due to a play by Fenouillot de Falbaire, VJionnete criminel, of which he is the hero. His auto- biography, completed by his son, was pub- lished with a biographical notice by Athanase Coquerel^Zs in the Bulletin de la societe de Vhistoire du protestantisme frangais (Paris, January to April, 1865). FABRE D'EGLANTINE, Philippe Francois Nazaire, a French revolutionist and author, born in Languedoc, Dec. 28, 1755, guillotined in Paris, April 5, 1794. In gratitude for a wild rose (eglantine) of gold awarded to him in early life at the floral games at Toulouse, he adopted that name. He wrote a variety of plays for the theatres of Paris, a few of which, as Le Philinte de Noliere, L? intrigue epistolaire, &c., were favorably received. On the outbreak of the revolution he associated himself with Dan- ton, whose secretary he became in 1792. He was a member of the convention, where he ad- vocated the most violent measures, but played only a secondary part. He was accused of ve- nality, and doomed to share the fate of Dan- ton. While ascending the guillotine he dis- tributed some of his writings among the popu- lace. One of his comedies, Les precepteurs, was produced for the first time five years after his death, and received with great applause. FABRICIUS Two volumes of his writings were published in 1801 as (Euvres posthumes et melees. FABRETTI, Raffaello, an Italian antiquary, born in Urbino in 1618, died in Rome in 1700. At the age of 18 he went to Rome, where he made himself profoundly acquainted with the literature and art of the ancients. After filling a diplomatic mission in Spain, he became treasurer of Pope Alexander VII., and under the three succeeding popes held various offices at Rome, Madrid, and Urbino. During his 13 years' residence in Spain he explored nearly all the antiquities of that kingdom. His first archaeological works, De Aquceductibus Veteris Roma and De Columna Trajani, excited a gen- eral interest. His interpretation of certain pas- sages of Livy involved him in a violent dis-- cussion with Gronovius. In a learned work upon ancient inscriptions he made known the treasures discovered by him in the catacombs of Rome. His rich collection of antiquities is still in the ducal palace of Urbino. FABRIANO, a town of central Italy, in the province and 34 m. S. W. of the city of An- cona, at the foot of the Apennines; pop. about 6,000. It is the seat of a bishop, has a cathe- dral and several convents, and is celebrated chiefly for its paper and parchment. It is be- lieved to be one of the first places at which paper from linen rags was manufactured. The town also contains tanneries and powder mills, and manufactures cloth and hats. FABRIANO, Gentile da, an Italian painter of the Roman school, born at Fabriano about 1370, died in Rome in 1450. Michel Angelo said that his name Gentile, the noble or deli- cate, was in harmony with the character of his works. About 1418 he painted in the cathe- dral of Orvieto a Madonna, which still exists, and which was so much admired that the ar- tist received the title of magister magistrorum. He then went to Venice, where he obtained great success, and was invited to Rome, where his paintings in the church of St. John Late- ran, which his infirmities did not permit him to finish, made him esteemed the first painter of Italy. His manner resembles that of Fra Angelico. FABRICIUS (Cains Fabrieins Lnseinns), a Roman statesman, celebrated for his virtue and integ- rity. While consul in 282 B. 0. he defeated the Lucanians, Bruttians, and Samnites, and enriched the public treasury with more than 400 talents from the spoils of the enemy, re- maining poor himself. In 280 he served as legate in the campaign against Pyrrhus, king of Epirus, to whom he was sent at its close with an embassy, to ask the ransom or ex- change of some Roman prisoners of war. The meeting of the envoy and the king at Taren- tum has perhaps been embellished by the Ro- man historians. Fabricius is represented to have withstood not only the most splendid offers of Pyrrhus, who knowing his poverty tried to bribe him into his service, but also the threatening aspect of an elephant seemingly