Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume VII.djvu/727

GEORGIA 715 river, at its mouth, here about 1 m. wide ; lat. 6 49' 24" N., Ion. 58 11' 30" W. ; pop. about 27,000, of whom one quarter are whites. It is regularly built, with broad, clean streets, in- tersecting at right angles, and neat wooden houses having open verandas in front, thickly shaded and surrounded by gardens. Canals communicating with each other and with the river run through the middle of most of the streets, and are crossed by numerous bridges. The great business thoroughfare is Water street, facing the river, and inhabited exclu- sively by Europeans. The principal edifice is the town hall, a large stone building, with marble-paved galleries supported by iron col- umns. The Episcopal cathedral is a handsome stone building, besides which there are one Episcopal and ten other churches, a college, many schools, two hospitals, a lunatic asylum, two banks, two theatres, a handsome prome- nade, several artesian wells, and a market place surrounded by well supplied shops. Be- low the town is Fort Frederick William, and near it, at the mouth of the river, a lighthouse. Georgetown is unhealthy, owing to its low, marshy situation. By way of security against dampness the houses are raised on piles three or four feet above the ground. Diarrhoea, dysen- tery, dropsy, and yellow and intermittent fe- vers are prevalent diseases. There is a bar at the mouth of the river, on which is 15 feet of water. The principal exports are coffee, sugar, and rum. The value of imports for the year ending Dec. 31, 1871, was $6,804,949 68; amount of duties collected, $609,719 43; value of exports, $13,080,943 12. Entered, 72 steam- ers of 9,216 tons, and 854 sailing vessels of 216,165 tons; cleared, 72 steamers of 9,216 tons, and 906 sailing vessels of 192,758 tons. GEORGIA, one of the thirteen original states of the American Union, situated between lat. Obverse. 30 21' and 35 N., and Ion. 80 48' and 85 40' W., having an extreme length N. and S. of 320 m., and an extreme breadth E. and W. of 254 m. ; area, 58,000 sq. m. It is bounded N. by Tennessee and North Carolina, N. E. by South Carolina, from which it is separated by the Savannah river, E. by the Atlantic ocean, S. by Florida, and W. by Alabama, from which it is partly separated by the Chattahoochee river. It is divided into 136 counties, viz.: Appling, Baker, Baldwin, Banks, Bartow, Ber- rien, Bibb, Brooks, Bryan, Bullock, Burke, Butts, Calhoun, Camden, Campbell, Carroll, Catoosa, Charlton, Chatham, Chattahoochee, Chattooga, Cherokee, Clarke, Clay, Clayton, Clinch, Cobb, Coffee, Colquitt, Columbia, Cow- eta, Crawford, Dade, Dawson, Decatur, De Kalb, Dodge, Dooly, Dougherty, Douglas, Early, Echols, Effingham, Elbert, Emanuel, Fannin, Fayette, Floyd, Forsyth, Franklin, Fulton, Gilmer, Glascock, Glynn, Gordon, Greene, Gwinnett, Habersham, Hall, Hancock, Haralson, Harris, Hart, Heard, Henry, Hous- ton, Irwin, Jackson, Jasper, Jefferson, John- son, Jones, Laurens, Lee, Liberty, Lincoln, Lowndes, Lumpkin, Macon, Madison, Marion, McDuffie, Mclntosh, Meriwether, Miller, Mil- ton, Mitchell, Monroe, Montgomery, Morgan, Murray, Muscogee, Newton, Oglethorpe, Paul- ding, Pickens, Pierce, Pike, Polk, Pulaski, Put- nam, Quitman, Rabun, Randolph, Richmond, Rockdale, Schley, Scriven, Spalding, Stewart, Sumter, Talbot, Taliaferro, Tatnall, Taylor, Tel- fair, Terrell, Thomas, Towns, Troup, Twiggs, Union, Upson, Walker, Walton, Ware, Warren, Washington, Wayne, Webster, White, Whit- field, Wilcox, Wilkes, Wilkinson, and Worth. The counties are subdivided into 1,136 militia districts, and contain 134 incorporated towns. There are eight cities, viz. : Savannah (pop. in 1870, 28,235), the chief port, on the river of Reverse. State Seal of Georgia. the same name, 18 m. from the sea; Atlanta (pop. 21,789), the capital, in the N. W. part of the state ; Augusta (pop. 15,389), on the Sa- vannah, 248 m. from its mouth; Macon (pop. 10,810); Columbus (7,401); Athens (4,251); Milledgeville (2,750), the former capital; and