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624 LONGFELLOW LONGINUS in the house formerly occilpied by Washing- ton. In 1868-'9 he revisited Europe, and was everywhere the recipient of marked honors, especially in England, where his works are per- haps more universally known and read than those of any other American author. During this journey the degree of D. 0. L. was con- ferred upon him by Oxford university. He had already received the degree of LL. D. from Harvard in 1859, and that of D. 0. L. from Cambridge, England, in 1868, besides a great number of academic and literary honors from nearly all the leading institutions of Amer- ica. Mr. Longfellow's works are as follows, not including in the list the many forms and sometimes the slightly different titles under which collections of his poems have been pub- lished: "Coplas de Manrique," a translation (Boston, 1833) ; "Outre-Mer, a Pilgrimage be- yond the Sea" (1835); "Hyperion" (1839); " Voices of the Night, and other Poems " (1839); "Ballads and other Poems" (1841); "Poems on Slavery" (1842); "The Spanish Student" (1843); "Poets and Poetry of Eu- rope," a collection with criticism (1845J ; " The Belfry of Bruges, and other Poems "(1 846) ; "Evangeline" (1847); "Kavanagh, a Tale" (1849) ; " Seaside and Fireside " (1850) ; " The Golden Legend" (1851); "The Song of Hia- watha" (1855); "The Courtship of Miles Standish" (1858); "Tales of a Wayside Inn" (1863) ; " Flower - de - Luce " (186V) ; " The New England Tragedies " (1868) ; "The Divine Tragedy" (1872) ; and a collection of his later poems under the title of "Aftermath" (1874). "The Golden Legend," "The New England Tragedies," and " The Divine Tragedy " have recently been united in a volume under the title " Christus." One of the most remarkable works of his later years has been his transla- tion of Dante's Divina Gommedia into Eng- lish verse (3 vols., 1867-70). As a translator, Mr. Longfellow is singularly happy in trans- fusing not only the ideas but the spirit of his originals into apt and expressive diction; as a critic, whether commenting on character or literature, he is the genial interpreter rather than the censorious judge ; and as a poet, he appeals to the universal affections of humanity, and expresses with the most delicate beauty thoughts which find sympathy in all minds. Averse to everything harsh, bitter, disdainful, or repellent, there is no element in his poetry to call forth an ungracious or discordant emo- tion. It is always tolerant and human, kindled by wide sympathies, and with a tender sense of every variety of human condition. He com- bines in a rare degree the sentiment of the artist with the practical instincts of the man of the world. His thoughts are uniformly lucid and transparent, and never clouded by fanciful verbiage or obscurity. The clearness, simplicity, and force of his leading conceptions leave the impression of unity even on his long- est poems. However vivid his imagery, it never seduces the attention from his main idea. Without attempting to represent the depths of passion, in his own sphere of feeling he is a genuine master, and the purity, sweet- ness, and refinement with which he delineates the affections of the heart, make him the most welcome of visitants at the fireside. Though not destitute of the creative faculty, the best expression of his imagination is perhaps to be found in the subtile essence of beauty which pervades his writings, and seems to form the natural atmosphere of his mind. Many of his poems have been translated into several lan- guages. His latest poem, " The Hanging of the Crane," was published toward the end of 1874. LONGFORD, a central county of Ireland, in the N. W. extremity of the province of Lein- ster, bordering on Leitrim, Cavan, Westmeath, and Eoscommon, from which it is separated by the Shannon and Lough Ree; area, 401 sq. m. ; pop. in 1871, 64,408. The principal lake is Lough Gowna. The surface is generally flat, but hilly in the north. The river Inny flows through the S. E. portion into Lough Ree. The soil is rich, underlaid by limestone and clay slate. There are valuable ores of iron and lead, but unwrought. A gray marble is quarried near Bally mahon. Grazing farms are numerous, and large quantities of butter are made. Linens and coarse woollens are manufactured. LONGFORD, the capital (pop. in 1871, 4,375), on the Camlin river and at the terminus of the Royal canal, 68 m. W. N. W. of Dublin, has a fine Roman Catholic cathedral and an active trade. LONGHI, Giuseppe, an Italian engraver, born at Monza, near Milan, Oct. 13, 1766, died in Milan, Jan. 2, 1831. He studied at the school of engraving in Milan, succeeded Yangelisti as professor in 1798, and for several years was at the head of the school. In 1801 he was called by Bonaparte to take part in the Cisalpine coun- cil at Lyons, from whence he went to Paris. Among his principal works are the " Vision of Ezekiel," after Raphael ; the Magdalen of Cor- reggio ; the Madonna del lago, after Leonardo da Vinci ; and " Galatea," after Albano. He also engraved fine heads of Napoleon, Wash- ington, Michel Angelo, the doge Dandolo of Venice, and others. Among his masterpieces were the plates known as the Fasti di Na- poleone il Grande, after the designs of Appi- ani. His biography was published by Sacchi in 1831, and by Baretta in 1837. LOKGIXUS, Dionysins Cassius, a Greek critic, born in Athens, or at Emesa in Syria, about A. D. 213, executed at Palmyra in 273. He studied under his uncle Phronto of Emesa, a teacher of rhetoric at Athens, visited many countries, heard the lectures of the philos- ophers Ammonius Saccas and Origen, made himself familiar with the works of Plato, and opened a school of philosophy, criticism, and rhetoric at Athens. He subsequently removed to the East, arid having been invited to the court of Zenobia, queen of Palmyra, he became not only her literary instructor, but also her