| NORWICH | NOSE | 515 |
$9,000,000. The aggregate capital of the seven national banks is nearly $3,000,000; the deposits in the three savings banks amount to about $11,000,000. The principal articles of manufacture are machinery, rolling-mill products, printing presses, firearms, locks, water wheels, type, paper, organs, and cotton and worsted goods. Norwich has good public schools, a free reading room, a public library, one daily and three weekly newspapers, an old ladies' home, and 16 churches. The free academy was built and endowed by the private subscription of $110,000 by residents of the town, and is open for a full academical education to all its children, free of expense to them, and without regard to sex or condition.—Norwich was settled in 1659. In that year Uncas and his two sons made a formal deed of the site of the old town, 9 m. square, to Major John Mason and 34 other proprietors, and received from the company £70 as a compensation. Its settlement was begun by Major Mason and the Rev. James Fitch, who, with a part of his congregation, removed from Saybrook. The city was incorporated in 1784.
NORWICH, a village and the county seat of Chenango co., New York, on the Chenango river and canal, and on the Delaware, Lackawanna, and Western, and the New York and Oswego Midland railroads, 90 m. W. of Albany; pop. in 1870, 4,279. It has a handsome stone court house, in the Corinthian style, an academy, two banks, manufactories of pianos, hammers, and carriages, two weekly newspapers, and six churches.
NORWICH, a city, capital of the county of Norfolk, England, on the Wensum river, 98 m. N. E. of London; pop. in 1871, 80,390. It is a place of great antiquity, was a flourishing town in the time of Edward the Confessor, and is still surrounded by fragments of its ancient walls, which were flanked with towers and entered by 12 gates. The streets are narrow and mostly unpaved, and the houses are built of brick with rude pointed gables; but the market place is one of the largest in the kingdom. The cathedral, founded in 1094, and chiefly of Norman architecture, is a cruciform structure, with a tower (restored in 1858) and spire rising from the intersection of the nave and transepts to the height of 315 ft. In 1872 there were 67 places of worship, of which 46 belonged to the church of England, 8 to the Baptists, 3 to the Congregationalists, 4 to the Primitive Methodists, and 2 each to the Wesleyans, United Methodists, and Roman Catholics. Norwich has been noted for its woollen fabrics since the reign of Henry I., when a colony of Flemings settled there, and obtained long wool spun in the village of Worstead, 9 m. distant, whence the produce took the name of worsted. The leading manufactures are shawls, crapes, bombazines, muslin de laine, damasks, camlets, gros de Naples, and bandanna handkerchiefs.
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Norwich Cathedral.
NOSE, the organ of the sense of smell in vertebrated animals, and in the three highest classes connected with the respiratory function. Of the 14 bones which enter into the composition of the cavities of the nose in man, the principal are the nasal, attached more or less perpendicularly to the frontal bone above and to the superior maxillary on the sides; in the lower orders these bones become more horizontal and more developed, as the face and animal propensities predominate over the cranium and the intellect. The nasal cavities, bounded in front by these bones, and separated into two by the vomer, open widely anteriorly to the external air and posteriorly into the pharynx; the upper wall is pierced by numerous foramina, through which enter the filaments of the olfactory nerve, or nerve of smell; the lower wall forms the bony roof of the mouth, and is nearly horizontal; the outer wall is divided into the superior, middle, and inferior meatuses by the turbinated bones, into the first of which open the posterior ethmoidal and sphenoidal sinuses, into the second (much larger) the frontal and anterior ethmoidal sinuses and the great cavity of the antrum, and into
