ORISSA TRIBUTARY STATES. 469 TRIBUTARY STATES OF Orissa IN 1883-84. Nans of States. Irea in Square Miles. Population. Tribute to Estimated Briush Govern. | Revenue of the ment. Chiefs. 16S L282 an AN 730 134 2,064 568 1,463 so 66 509 thgarh, . Athmallik, Baramba, . Bod (including Kandh-máls), Daspalla, . Dhenkanal, .. Hindol, . Keunjhar, . Khandpára, . Morbhanj, .. Varsinhpur, .. Nilgiri, . . Nayagarh, . Pal Lahára, . 31,079 21,774 29,772 130,103 41,608 208,316 33, S02 215,012 66,296 395,737 32,583 50,972 114,022 14,587 312 £1,494 1,100 2,836 1,000 2,000 10,910 1,000 9,000 2,445 33,209 1,200 1,945 5,000 55 S 3,096 244 4,243 199 278 588 197 421 Іоб 145 390 552 Included under Keunjhar 140 103 SS 14 452 500 203 Ou Ranpur, Tálcher, Tigariá, 399 36,539 35,550 19,850 1,500 1,200 Soo 46 Total, . . 15,187 1,469,142 £3322 477,139 A separate article on each will be found under its own name, and the following brief account must suffice here for the whole :-- Boundaries. — The Orissa Tributary States are bounded on the north by the Bengal Districts of Singbhúm and Midnapur; on the east by British Orissa; on the south by Ganjam District of the Madras Presidency; and on the west by the Tributary States of Patná, Sonpur, Rádhákol, and Bamrá, in the Central Provinces, and Bonái and Sarandá in Chutiá Nágpur. General Aspect of the Country. — The Tributary States of Orissa occupy a succession of ranges rolling backwards towards Central India. They forın, however, three watersheds from south to north, with fine valleys between, down which pour the three great rivers of the interior tableland. The southernmost is the valley of the Mahanadi, at some places closely hemmed in by peaks on either side, and forming picturesque passes; at others spreading out into fertile plains, green with rice, and watered by a thousand mountain streams. At the Barmúl Pass, the river winds round magnificently wooded hills, from 1500 to 2500 feet high. Crags and peaks of a wild beauty overhang its channel, which at one part is so narrow that the water rises 7o feet in time of flood. From the north bank of the Mahanadi, the ranges tower into a fine watershed, from 2000 to 2500 feet high, running north-west and south-east, which
