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HOVEY. 269 HOWAKD. fessor of apologetics. Among his works arc: The State of the Impenitent Dead (1858) ; The Hcriptural Law of Divorce (1806) ; Manual of Christian Theology (6th ed. 1900) ; Systematic Theology and Christian Ethics (1877); Biblical Kschatoloyy (1888) ; Studies in Bthics and Reli- gion (1892); and Christian Teaching and Life (1895). HOVEY, huvl, Alvin Petekso' (1821-91). An American soldier. He was born at Mount Ver- non, Ind., attended the common schools, studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1843, and sen-ed successively as a circuit judge, judge of the Supreme Court, and United States District At- torney. At the outbreak of the Civil War he was appointed major of Indiana Volunteers, and later became major-general. The battle of Cham- jiion's Hill in 1S63, which Grant considered the turning-point of his Vicksburg campaign, was won largely through General Hovey's efforts. When the war terminated he returned to his na- tive State, and took an active part in politics. He became Minister to Peru in 1866, and a mem- ber of Congress in 1886, and from 1888 until his death was Governor of Indiana. HOVEY, Charles Mason (1810-87). An American horticultural editor and nurservman, bom at Cambridge, Mass. He edited the Maga- zine of Horticulture, which prospered under his management longer than any other American horticultural journal. He was the first to intro- duced a pistillate strawberry-, -The Hovey.' the variety that marks the beginning of profitable strawberry culture in the United States. His Fruits of America, of which two volumes onlv were completed, is one of the best examples of art fruit-work attempted in this countn,-. HOVEY, Richard (1864-1900). An Ameri- can poet, burn at Normal. 111. He was graduated at Dartmouth in 1885; studied for one year in the General Theological Seminary, New York; was for a time assistant in the Church of Saint Mary the Virgin, New York ; and afterwards journalist, actor, dramatist, poet, and lecturer on English literature in Barnard College, New- York. He passed some years in Europe, and was much influenced by French and Belgian poets, especially Maeterlinck, some of whose work he translated. His original verse was always marked by high aims, and he was ridding him- self of affectations when he suddenly died. His many admirers felt that he had accomplished more than most of his poetic contemporaries, and that he died on the eve of great performances. Certainly his Launcclot and Cuenevere — a series of dramas comprising The Quest of Merlin. The Marriage of Ouenevere. and The Birth of Galahad (1880-98)— and Taliesin : A Masque (1900), though they scarcely show dramatic mastery, ex- hibit lyrical power and remarkable imagination. Seaic<ird (1893) is an elegy upon T. W. Parsons (q.v.). Hovey also collaborated with Bliss Car- man (q.v.) in Songs from Vagabondin (1893: an- other series, 1896), and publi.shed a collection of his miscellaneous poems in .1/0117 "'c Trail (1898). In these works he showed that he could touch the more immediate and ordinary human interests: but these are on the whole not em- pha.sized in his work, which belongs to the ideal- istic school. HOW, Wii.LiA»i Walsiiam (1823-97). An English prelate, born at Shrewsburj-. He was educated at Oxford, and after holding several curateships became rector of Whittington Scrop- shire (1851), which position he held until he went to the Parish of Saint Andrew Undershaft, in London (1879). In that year he was ap- pointed Suffragan Bishop of Bedford, and a year afterwards Bishop of Wakefield. His numerous works in prose include: Private Life and Minis- tration of a Parish Priest (1873) ; Commentary upon Saint John (1879) ; The Papal Claims in the Light of Scriptural History ( 1881 ) ; and some Pastoral Lectures (1883). He also wrote some Poems (1886) and Hymns (1886). HOWADJI, hou ajl. A nom-de-plume of George William Curtis. HOWARD. A city and the county-seat of Elk County, Kan.. 72 miles south of Emporia, on the Elk River and on the Atchison, Topeka and Santa FH Railroad (Map: Kansas, F 4). Farming and stock-raising are the leading in- dustries. Population, in 1890, 1015; in 1900. 1207. HOWABD. A noble English family, which for many centuries has stood at the head of the English peerage, and has held the dukedom of Norfolk since the middle of the fifteenth century. The earliest of the house to gain distinction was Sir William Howard, a learned Chief Justice of the Common Pleas under Edward I. and Edward II. His grandson. Sir John Howard, was ad- miral and captain of the King's navy in the north of England and also sheriff of Norfolk, in which county he held extensive estates, subse- quently increased by the marriage of his grand- son. Sir Robert, with the co-heiress of the House of Mowbray. Dukes of Norfolk. The only son of this union was Sir John Howard, one of the lead- ing supporters of the House of Y'ork. who. having gained early distinction in the French wars of Henry VI., was appointed by Edward IV. con- stable of the important castle of Norwich, and sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk. Afterwards he became treasurer of the royal household, obtained a grant of the whole benefit that should accrue to the King by coinage of money in the citv and Tower of London, and elsewliere'in England": and was raised to the peerage as Lord Howard and Duke of Norfolk. We find him in 1470 made captain-general of the King's forces at sea. an I most strenuous in that capacity in his resistance to the House of Lancaster. " Finally he was created Earl JIarshal of England, an honorary distinction still borne by his descendants, and iii 1484 was appointed Lord Admiral of England, Ireland, and Aquitaine. He fell next year.'^how- ever. on Bosworth Field, and after 'his death his honors were attainted, as also were those of his son Thomas, who had tieen created Earl of Surrey. The latter, however, after suffering three years of imprisonment in the Tower of London, obtained a reversal of his own and his father's attainders, and became distinguished as a general, winning fame by his defeat of the Scotch at Flodden in 1513! His son Thomas, third Duke of Norfolk, by his marriage with a daughter of King Edward" IV.. became the father of the accomplished but ill-fated Earl of Surrev, who was put to death by Henry VIII. Norfolk." too. was sentenced, but the death of Henry saved him from the block. The Earl's son thomas. fourth Duke of Norfolk, suffered attainder, and was executed on Tower Hill for high treason, for