Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 20.djvu/503

WENLOCK. 427 WENTWORTH. II. ; and the extensive ruins of a Clmiiae abbey, founded in fi80. W'enloclc has manufactures of brieks and tiles, and large iron works. Popula- tion, in I'JOl, 15,8(U). WENLOCK GROUP. An important series of roeUs of Up[)i'r Silurian age. which are largely develojjed in Southwestern Kngland. The group is divided into an upper and lower series. The Tipper, linown as the Wenlock limestone, is a gray, sub-crystalline limestone, corresponding to tile Niagara limestone of the United States. WENSLEYDALE, wenz'li-dal, .Tamks r.RKE, Baron ( 1782-18ii9) . An English jurist, born at Jliglilleld, L.aneashire. He was educated at Trin- ity College, Canil>ridge, was a fellow of the college in 1804-17, was called to tlie bar at the Inner Temple in 181.3, was very successful in <-ommon-law practice, and in 1828 became a jistiee of the Court of King's Bench. In 18.34 he was transferred to the Court of Exchequer, from which he resigned in 18.56. As a jurist he was thoroughly versed in the eonnnon law; as .a Parliamentarian, he spoke little and was not con- spicuous in party politics. Consult Manson, Builders of Our Law {London, 1895). "WENTLETRAP (from Ger. WcndeUrcppe, wentletrap, winding stair; from wenden, to turn + Treppe, stair). A small prosobranch gastropod of the family Scalariid.T?. The shell is spiral, with many whorls, the whorls deeply divided, and crossed by remarkably elevated ril)S. The aperture is round and rather small. The animal is furnished with a pro- boscis, and has the eyes placed on an external convexity, the foot short and oval. About 100 species are known, some found in northern seas, as Scularia communis on the coasts of Europe, and Hcalaria fhrrnlnmlica on those of North America. WENT'WORTH, Benning (1690-1770). An American colonial govei'nor. He was born at Portsmouth. N. H.; graduated at Harvard in 171.5, and settled in Portsmouth, wdiere he became a leading merchant. He represented the town in the Assembly, became a King's councilor in 17.34, and from 1741 to 1707 was Governor of New Hampshire. It was during this period that the fauious controversy over the 'New Hampshire Grants' arose. Patents for land granted by Governor Wentworth in what is now southern Vermont were disputed by the Governor of New York. Wentworth raised troops in New Hamp- shire in 1745 for Shirley's Louisburg expedition. He gave Dartmouth College the land upon which buildings were erected. His second wife was WENTLETBAP. its the subject of Longfellow's poem, "Lady Went- worth." Bennington, Vt., was named in his honor. WENTWORTH, George Albert (183.5—). An American author and educator, born at Wakefield. N. H. He was educated at the Wake- field and Exeter academies and at Harvard Col- lege. After graduation in 1858 he became in- structor of ancient languages in Exeter Academy, and in 1859 he was appointed to the chair of miithematics in the same institution, a position which he retained till 1891, when he was elected president of the Exeter Banking Company. He Vol. XX. -28. wrote: FAemenix of Ocometry (1878, and several subsequent editions) ; Elements of Algehra (1881, and several later editions); Plane and Kpherical J'rigonometrjj (1882); Hurveyinij and Niinif/alion (1882); Five I'lace Tables of Loya- rilliins (1882) ; Elemcnls of Analytic Oeometry (1880) ; School Alyebra ( 1887) ; College Algebra (1888) ;■ llir/hcr A I'/ebra ( 1891 ) . He is joint au- thor with liill of a text-book on I'hysics (1898), and has also writen works on arithmetic. WENTWORTH, Sir .ToiiN (1737-1820). An Americ'an Loyalist, born at Portsmouth, N. H. He graduated at Harvard in 1755; in 1705 acted as an agent of New Hampshire in England, and in the following year was niadc! (Jovernor of New Hampsliiri' anil Surveyor of the King's Woods for all North America. In his administration, although he opposed the arbitrary taxation im- posed u|ion the colonies, he attempted to preserve the loyalty of the colonists to England. For a time he was very popular, hut, by dissolving the New Hampshire Assembly because it had nominated a Connnittec of Correspondence, and by attempting shortly afterwards to get laborers to assist General Gage at Boston, he destroyed all his influence, and after a bitter controvensy with the Assembly retired to Fort illiam and Mary and then to a British warship. A monu- ment of his administration remains in Dart- mouth College, which he helped to found in 1770. In 1783 he received a new commission as Sur- veyor-General of the King's Woods, and went to Nova Scotia, of which he was acting Governor from 1792 imtil 1808. In 1795 he was created a baronet. WENTWORTH, Thomas, first Earl of Straf- ford. An English statesman. See Strafford. WENTWORTH, William Charles (1793- 1872). An Australian statesman, born on Nor- folk Island, at that time a penal station of New Soith Wales, where his father was a Govern- ment surgeon. From 1816 to 1824 he was in England studying at Peterhouse, Cambridge, and at the Middle Temple in London. He was ad- mitted to the English bar in 1822 and to the Australian in 1824. On his return to his na- tive country he gave himself np to the cause of Australian self-government, advocating his views through a newspaper, the Australian, which he established at Sydney. In 1842, after a struggle of nearly twenty years. Lord Stanley conferred partial self-government on New South Wales. Wentworth was a member of the first Legislative Council and became the head of the so-called 'Squatter Party.' He was the founder of the University of Sydney (1852). was the leading spirit in the movement which carried the new Constitution through the Council in 1854. and was president of the upper chamber of the new House in 1861-02. At the end of the latter year he returned to England and settled there defi- nitely. Wentworth was a man of singular force and aggressiveness, of restless mind, and great eloquence. He was accused in his later years of being influenced by personal considerations in his political views, yet there is little doubt that to him more than to any other one man New South Wales owed her prosperity and Australia her autonomy. His publications include .4 fftatis- liciil Account of the British f^ettlcments in Aus- tralasia (1810). Consult: Barton, The Poets