PUBLIC LAW 101-380 —AUG. 18, 1990 104 STAT. 537 shall be subject to a civil penalty in an amount up to $25,000 per day of violation or an amount up to 3 times the costs incurred by the Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund as a result of such failure. "(C) FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH REGULATION. — Any person who fails or refuses to comply with any regulation issued under subsection (j) shall be subject to a civil penalty in an amount up to $25,000 per day of violation. "(D) GROSS NEGUGENCE.— In any case in which a violation of paragraph (3) was the result of gross negligence or willful misconduct of a person described in subparagraph (A), the person shall be subject to a civil penalty of not less than $100,000, and not more than $3,000 per barrel of oil or unit of reportable quantity of hazardous substance discharged. "(E) JURISDICTION.— An action to impose a civil penalty under this paragraph may be brought in the district court of the United States for the district in which the defendant is located, resides, or is doing business, and such court shall have jurisdiction to assess such penalty. "(F) LIMITATION. — A person is not liable for a civil penalty under this paragraph for a discharge if the person has been assessed a civil penalty under paragraph (6) for the discharge. "(8) DETERMINATION OF AMOUNT.—In determining the amount of a civil penalty under paragraphs (6) and (7), the Administrator, Secretary, or the court, as the case may be, shall consider the seriousness of the violation or violations, the economic benefit to the violator, if any, resulting from the violation, the degree of culpability involved, any other penalty for the same incident, any history of prior violations, the nature, extent, and degree of success of any efforts of the violator to minimize or mitigate the effects of the discharge, the economic impact of the penalty on the violator, and any other matters as justice may require. " (9) MITIGATION OF DAMAGE.— In addition to establishing a penalty for the discharge of oil or a hazardous substance, the Administrator or the Secretary of the department in which the Coast Guard is operating may act to mitigate the damage to the public health or welfare caused by such discharge. The cost of such mitigation shall be deemed a cost incurred under subsection (c) of this section for the removal of such substance by the United States Government. "(10) RECOVERY OF REMOVAL COSTS. —Any costs of removal incurred in connection with a discharge excluded by subsection (a)(2)(C) of this section shall be recoverable from the owner or operator of the source of the discharge in an action brought under section 309(b) of this Act. "(11) LIMITATION. —Civil penalties shall not be assessed under both this section and section 309 for the same discharge.". (c) CRIMINAL PENALTIES.— Section 309(c) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1319(c)) is amended by inserting after "308," each place it appears the following: "311(b)(3),". SEC. 4302. OTHER PENALTIES. (a) NEGLIGENT OPERATIONS.— Section 2302 of title 46, United States Code, is amended— C:k)urts, U.S. Hazardous materials.
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