PUBLIC LAW 106-224 -^JUNE 20, 2000 114 STAT. 435 (2) reseairch on technologies for diversifying the range of products that can be efficiently and cost-competitively produced from biomass, including research on— (A) metabolic engineering of biological systems (including the safe use of genetically modified crops) to produce novel products, especiedly commodity products, or to increase product selectivity and tolerance, with a research priority for the development of biobased industrial products that can compete in performance and cost with fossil-based products; (B) catedj^ic processing to convert intermediates of biomass processing into products of interest; (C) separation technologies for cost-effective product recovery and purification; (D) approaches other than metabolic engineering and catalytic conversion of intermediates of biomass processing; (E) advanced biomass gasification technologies, including coproduction of power and heat as an integrated component of biomass processing, with the possibility of generating excess electricity for sale; and (F) related research in advanced turbine and stationary fuel cell technology for production of electricity from biomass; and (3) research aimed at ensuring the environmental performance and economic viability of biobased industrial products and their raw material input of biomass when considered as an integrated system, including research on— (A) the analysis of, and strategies to enhance, the environmental performance and sustainability of biobased industrial products, including research on— (i) accurate measurement and analysis of greenhouse gas emissions, carbon sequestration, and carbon cycling in relation to the life cycle of biobased industrial products and feedstocks with respect to other alternatives; (ii) evaluation of current and future biomass resource availability; (iii) development and analysis of land management practices and alternative biomass cropping systems that ensure the environmental performance and sustainability of biomass production and harvesting; (iv) the land, air, water, and biodiversity impacts of large-scale biomass production, processing, and use of biobased industrial products relative to other alternatives; and (v) biomass gasification and combustion to produce electricity; (B) the analysis of, and strategies to enhance, the economic viability of biobased industrial products, including research on— (i) the cost of the required process technology; (ii) the impact of coproducts, including food, animal feed, and fiber, on biobased industrigJ product price and large-scale economic viability; and (iii) interactions between an emergent biomass refining industry and the petrochemical refining infrastructure; and
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