114 STAT. 1654A-346 PUBLIC LAW 106-398 —APPENDIX (e) PERIOD OF APPOINTMENT; VACANCIES. —Members shall be appointed for the life of the Commission. Any vacancy in the Commission shall be filled in the same manner as the original appointment. (f) SECURITY CLEARANCES.—All members of the Commission shall hold appropriate security clearances. (g) INITIAL ORGANIZATION REQUIREMENTS.— All appointments to the Commission shall be made not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act. The Commission shall convene its first meeting not later than 60 days after the date as of which all members of the Commission have been appointed. SEC. 1402. DUTIES OF COMMISSION. (a) REVIEW OF EMP THREAT.— The Commission shall assess— (1) the nature and magnitude of potential high-altitude EMP threats to the United States from all potentially hostile states or non-state actors that have or could acquire nuclear weapons and ballistic missiles enabling them to perform a high-altitude EMP attack against the United States within the next 15 years; (2) the vulnerability of United States military and especially civilian systems to an EMP attack, giving special attention to vulnerability of the civilian infrastructure as a matter of emergency preparedness; (3) the capability of the United States to repair and recover from damage inflicted on United States military and civilian systems by an EMP attack; and (4) the feasibility and cost of hardening select military and civilian systems against EMP attack. (b) RECOMMENDATION.—The Commission shall recommend any steps it believes should be taken by the United States to better protect its military and civilian systems from EMP attack. (c) COOPERATION FROM GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS. —In carrying out its duties, the Commission should receive the full and timely cooperation of the Secretary of Defense, the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, and any other United States Government official serving in the Department of Defense or Armed Forces in providing the Commission with analyses, briefings, and other information necessary for the fulfillment of its responsibilities. SEC. 1403. REPORTS. (a) COMMISSION REPORT.— The Commission shall, not later than one year after the date of its first meeting, submit to Congress, the Secretary of Defense, and the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency a report on the Commission's findings and conclusions. (b) SECRETARY OF DEFENSE REPORT.— Not later than one year after the date of the Commission's report under subsection (a), the Secretary of Defense shall submit to Congress a report— (1) commenting on the Commission's findings and conclusions; (2) describing political-military scenarios that could possibly lead to an EMP attack against the United States; (3) evaluating the relative likelihood of an EMP attack against the United States compared to other threats involving nuclear weapons; and
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