PUBLIC LAW 108–25—MAY 27, 2003
117 STAT. 715
about the disease. His leadership stands as a model for ways political leaders in Africa and other developing countries can mobilize their nations, including civic organizations, professional associations, religious institutions, business and labor to combat HIV/AIDS. (C) Uganda’s successful AIDS treatment and prevention program is referred to as the ABC model: ‘‘Abstain, Be faithful, use Condoms’’, in order of priority. Jamaica, Zambia, Ethiopia and Senegal have also successfully used the ABC model. Beginning in 1986, Uganda brought about a fundamental change in sexual behavior by developing a low-cost program with the message: ‘‘Stop having multiple partners. Be faithful. Teenagers, wait until you are married before you begin sex.’’. (D) By 1995, 95 percent of Ugandans were reporting either one or zero sexual partners in the past year, and the proportion of sexually active youth declined significantly from the late 1980s to the mid-1990s. The greatest percentage decline in HIV infections and the greatest degree of behavioral change occurred in those 15 to 19 years old. Uganda’s success shows that behavior change, through the use of the ABC model, is a very successful way to prevent the spread of HIV. (21) The magnitude and scope of the HIV/AIDS crisis demands a comprehensive, long-term, international response focused upon addressing the causes, reducing the spread, and ameliorating the consequences of the HIV/AIDS pandemic, including— (A) prevention and education, care and treatment, basic and applied research, and training of health care workers, particularly at the community and provincial levels, and other community workers and leaders needed to cope with the range of consequences of the HIV/AIDS crisis; (B) development of health care infrastructure and delivery systems through cooperative and coordinated public efforts and public and private partnerships; (C) development and implementation of national and community-based multisector strategies that address the impact of HIV/AIDS on the individual, family, community, and nation and increase the participation of at-risk populations in programs designed to encourage behavioral and social change and reduce the stigma associated with HIV/ AIDS; and (D) coordination of efforts between international organizations such as the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), the World Health Organization (WHO), national governments, and private sector organizations, including faith-based organizations. (22) The United States has the capacity to lead and enhance the effectiveness of the international community’s response by— (A) providing substantial financial resources, technical expertise, and training, particularly of health care personnel and community workers and leaders; (B) promoting vaccine and microbicide research and the development of new treatment protocols in the public and commercial pharmaceutical research sectors; (C) making available pharmaceuticals and diagnostics for HIV/AIDS therapy;
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