PUBLIC LAW 97-444—JAN. 11, 1983
96 STAT. 2323
money, securities, or property (or incurred debt in lieu thereof) in connection with any order to make such contract; "(C) who purchased from or sold to such person or placed through such person an order for the purchase or sale of— "(i) an option subject to section 4c of this Act (other than an option purchased or sold on a contract market or other board of trade); "(ii) a contract subject to section 19 of this Act; or "(iii) an interest or participation in a commodity pool; or "(D) who purchased or sold a contract referred to in clause (B) hereof if the violation constitutes a manipulation of the price of any such contract or the price of the commodity underlying such contract. "(2) Except as provided in subsection (b), the rights of action authorized by this subsection and by sections 5a(ll), 14, and 17b(10) of this Act shall be the exclusive remedies under this Act available to any person who sustains loss as a result of any alleged violation of this Act. Nothing in this subsection shall limit or abridge the rights of the parties to agree in advance of a dispute upon any forum for resolving claims under this section, including arbitration. "(b)(l)(A) A contract market or clearing organization of a contract market that fails to enforce any bylaw, rule, regulation, or resolution that it is required to enforce by section 5a(8) and section 5a(9) of this Act, (B) a licensed board of trade that fails to enforce any bylaw, rule, regulation, or resolution that it is required to enforce by the Commission, or (C) any contract market, clearing organization of a contract market, or licensed board of trade that in enforcing any such bylaw, rule, regulation, or resolution violates this Act or any Commission rule, regulation, or order, shall be liable for actual damages sustained by a person who engaged in any transaction on or subject to the rules of such contract market or licensed board of trade to the extent of such person's actual losses that resulted from such transaction and were caused by such failure to enforce or enforcement of such bylaws, rules, regulations, or resolutions. "(2) A registered futures association that fails to enforce any bylaw or rule that is required under section 17 of this Act or in enforcing any such bylaw or rule violates this Act or any Commission rule, regulation, or order shall be liable for actual damages sustained by a person that engaged in any transaction specified in subsection (a) of this section to the extent of such person's actual losses that resulted from such transaction and were caused by such failure to enforce or enforcement of such bylaw or rule. "(3) Any individual who, in the capacity as an officer, director, governor, committee member, or employee of a contract market, clearing organization, licensed board of trade, or a registered futures association willfully aids, abets, counsels, induces, or procures any failure by any such entity to enforce (or any violation of the Act in enforcing) any bylaw, rule, regulation, or resolution referred to in paragraph (1) or (2) of this subsection, shall be liable for actual damages sustained by a person who engaged in any trsmsaction specified in subsection (a) of this section on, or subject to the rules of, such contract market, licensed board of trade or, in the case of an officer, director, governor, committee member, or employee of a registered futures association, any transaction specified in subsection (a) of this section, in either case to the extent of such person's
97-200 O—84—pt. 2
31: QL3
7 USC 6c. 7 USC 23.
^ Y|' ^^' ^^^^'
Ante, p. 2306.
7 USC 21.
�
