to grow till the ensuing spring, when sheep and other cattle are admitted to depasture on such land.
The practice of reserving the aftermath, or second crop of grass, is recommended by the most able agriculturists; as the cattle feeding on it are not only more healthy, but thrive much better than if they were supplied with turnips, cabbages, potatoes, or other food.
It would exceed our limits to enumerate all the advantages arising from rouen: we shall, therefore, only observe, that the dependence is by no means precarious. Indeed, Mr. Young (Annals of Agriculture, vol. xxiii.) is so decidedly convinced of the superior advantages arising from this practice, both in the quality and quantity of the food, that he declares, he should labour "under very heavy difficulties, if he was deprived of this resource, with so numerous a stock on the farm."
ROWEL, in farriery, signifies a kind of issue, artificially formed in horses, with a view to drain superfluous humours.
Rowels are introduced into the abdomen, the inside of the thighs, the breast, and outside of the shoulders and hips of a horse. The operation is performed by an incision through the skin, about 3-8ths of an inch in length, then separating it from the flesh with the finger, or passing an ivory folder around the orifice: next, a thin piece of leather, of a circular shape, about the size of a silver crown piece, should be provided, and a large round hole made in its centre. Before the leather is introduced between the skin and muscles, it must be partially covered with lint or tow, and immersed in some digestive ointment: a pledget of tow is likewise dipped in a similar unguent, and carefully put into the orifice, so as completely to exclude atmospheric air. The parts around it soon swell; a copious discharge of yellow serum or water follows; and, in two or three days, at the farthest, the matter will appear thick, gross, and white, when the rowel is said to suppurate.
Although these issues are doubtless of great service in some cases, yet, like many other operations injudiciously practised on horses, they sometimes injure their constitution; and, instead of suppurating, become gangrenous.
Rowels are eminently useful in carrying off rheums or defluxions from the eyes; in great swellings of the glands, about the throat and jaws, which sometimes threaten suffocation. In the vertigo or staggers, apoplexy, and in large tumors arising suddenly on the legs, heels, &c. when attended with a discharge of thin ichorous matter; as well as in a variety of other disorders, the application of this remedy should be determined by the Veterinary Surgeon.—See Setons.
RUBY, a genus of precious stones, which display a variety of shades, and are divided into four classes: namely,
1. The deep-red ruby, is found in various parts of the East Indies, and also in Brazil.
2. The spinell, the shade of which resembles that of a bright corn-poppy flower: it is dug out of the mines of Hungary, Bohemia, Silesia, and South America.
3. The balass, or pale-red ruby, inclining to a violet, is supposed to be the mother of the different species of these gems. It is imported
